U+9177, 酷
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9177

[U+9176]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9178]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 164, +7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一田竹土口 (MWHGR), four-corner 14661, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 1283, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39870
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1783, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3583, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+9177

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*skʰuːɡs, *sɡuːʔ
*skʰuːɡs
*skʰuːɡs, *sɡuːʔ
*skʰuːɡs
*kuːɡs, *kuːɡ
*kuːɡs
*kuːɡs, *kuːɡ
*kʰuːʔ, *kuːɡ
*kʰuːɡs
*ɡuːʔ, *kuːb
*ɡuːʔ
*ɡuːʔ
*kruːɡs
*skʰruɡs
*kruːɡ, *kuːɡ
*kʰruːɡ, *kʰuːɡ
*kuːɡ
*kuːɡ, *ɡuːɡ
*kʰuːɡ
*kʰuːɡ
*kʰuːɡ
*ɡuːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰuːɡ) : semantic  (alcoholic drink) + phonetic  (OC *kuːɡs, *kuːɡ).

Etymology

Original meaning was “cruel”. The sense “cool” is a phono-semantic matching of English cool.

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /kʰu⁵¹/
Harbin /kʰu⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kʰu⁵³/
Jinan /kʰu²¹³/
Qingdao /kʰu⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /kʰu⁵³/
Xi'an /kʰu²¹/
Xining /kʰv̩⁵³/
Yinchuan /kʰu⁵³/
Lanzhou /kʰu¹³/
Ürümqi /kʰu²¹³/
Wuhan /kʰu²¹³/
Chengdu /kʰu³¹/
Guiyang /kʰu²¹/
Kunming /kʰu³¹/
Nanjing /kʰuʔ⁵/
Hefei /kʰuəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /kʰuəʔ²/
Pingyao /kʰuʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /kʰuəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /kʰoʔ⁵/
Suzhou /kʰoʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /kʰoʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /kʰu²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kʰuʔ²¹/
Tunxi /kʰu⁵/
Xiang Changsha /kʰu²⁴/
Xiangtan /kʰu²⁴/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /kʰuk̚¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /hok̚²/
Nanning /kʰuk̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /huk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kʰɔk/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kouʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kʰu²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kʰok̚²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /xau³⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (29)
Final () (6)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰuok̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰuok̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰok̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰawk̚/
Li
Rong
/kʰok̚/
Wang
Li
/kʰuok̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰuok̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
ku
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ khowk ›
Old
Chinese
/*kʰˁuk/
English cruel

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 3824
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰuːɡ/

Definitions

  1. cruel; brutal; savage
    /    cán   cruel
  2. extremely; to an extreme degree
    /    'ài   to have a passion for; to ardently love
  3. (Mandarin, slang) cool; awesome

Usage notes

Whilst English "cool" may be used in a wide variety of contexts, (and, by extension, 酷斃酷毙 (kùbì)) is usually only used to describe something fashionable or extraordinary.

See also

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

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Readings


Korean

Hanja

(hok) (hangeul , revised hok, McCuneReischauer hok, Yale hok)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(khốc)

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