麴

See also: 麹 and 曲

麴	U+9EB4, 麴 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9EB4

← 麳
[U+9EB3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

麵 →
[U+9EB5]

Translingual

Traditional	麴/麯
Shinjitai (extended)	麹
Simplified	曲/麹

Han character

麴 (radical 199, 麥+8, 19 strokes, cangjie input 十水心火木 (JEPFD) or 十弓心火木 (JNPFD), four-corner 4724₂, composition ⿰麥匊(G) or ⿺麥匊(HTJK))

References

KangXi: page 1513, character 52
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47818
Dae Jaweon: page 2043, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4605, character 5
Unihan data for U+9EB4

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (匊) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
菊	*kuɡ
鞠	kuɡ, kʰuɡ, *ɡuɡ
掬	*kluɡ
匊	*kluɡ
鵴	kuɡ, ɡuɡ
椈	*kuɡ
諊	*kuɡ
踘	kuɡ, ɡuɡ
趜	kuɡ, ɡuɡ
蘜	*kuɡ
鞫	*kuɡ
巈	*kuɡ
麴	*kʰuɡ
毱	*ɡuɡ
驧	*ɡuɡ

Etymology 1

trad.		麴/麯
simp.		曲^*
variant forms		粬

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qū, qú

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄩ, ㄑㄩˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kuk¹, guk¹
Min Dong (BUC): ké̤ṳk
Min Nan (POJ): khak

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: qū
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'ü¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiu
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: qú
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩˊ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'ü²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyu
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: kuk¹, guk¹
  - Yale: kūk, gūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kuk⁷, guk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: kug¹, gug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊk̚⁵/, /kʊk̚⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ké̤ṳk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰøyʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khak
  - Tâi-lô: khak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qag
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰak̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰak̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰak̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰak̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰak̚³²/

Middle Chinese: /kʰɨuk̚/▼

Rime
Character	麴
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	驅匊切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuwk̚/
Li Rong	/kʰiuk̚/
Wang Li	/kʰĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qu

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰuɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	麴
Reading #	1/1
No.	7017
Phonetic component	匊
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	麴
Old Chinese	/*kʰuɡ/

Definitions

麴

yeast
^† alcoholic beverage

Compounds

大麴／大曲 (dàqū)
神麴／神曲 (shénqū)
紅麴／红曲
草麴粿／草曲粿
酒醴麴櫱／酒醴曲櫱
酒麴／酒曲
麴君／曲君 (qūjūn)
麴塵／曲尘
麴生／曲生 (qūshēng)

麴監／曲监 (qūjiàn)
麴秀才／曲秀才 (qūxiùcái)
麴糱／曲糱 (qūniè)
麴菌／曲菌 (qūjūn)
麴車／曲车
麴道士／曲道士
麴錢／曲钱 (qūqián)
麴院／曲院 (qūyuàn)

麴黴／曲霉 (qūméi)
黃麴毒素／黄曲毒素
黃麴黴／黄曲霉 (huángqūméi)
黃麴黴毒素／黄曲霉毒素 (huángqūméi dúsù)
黃麴黴素／黄曲霉素 (huángqūméisù)
黃麴黴菌／黄曲霉菌
鼠麴粿／鼠曲粿
鼠麴草／鼠曲草

Etymology 2

trad.		麴
simp.		麹^*

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Qū, Qú (Qu¹, Qu²)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄩ, ㄑㄩˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kuk¹, guk¹
Min Nan (POJ): Khiok

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: Qū
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'ü¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chiu
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Cyu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: Qú
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩˊ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'ü²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chyu
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Cyú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: kuk¹, guk¹
  - Yale: kūk, gūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kuk⁷, guk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: kug¹, gug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊk̚⁵/, /kʊk̚⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khiok
  - Tâi-lô: Khiok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔk̚³²/

Middle Chinese: /kʰɨuk̚/▼

Rime
Character	麴
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	驅匊切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuwk̚/
Li Rong	/kʰiuk̚/
Wang Li	/kʰĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qu

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰuɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	麴
Reading #	1/1
No.	7017
Phonetic component	匊
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	麴
Old Chinese	/*kʰuɡ/

Definitions

麴

A surname.

Japanese

Kanji

麴

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 麹)

yeast
leaven

Readings

Go-on: きく (kiku)
Kan-on: きく (kiku)
Kun: こうじ (kōji, 麴)^{←かうぢ (kaudi, historical)}

Korean

Hanja

麴 • (guk) (hangeul 국, revised guk, McCune–Reischauer kuk, Yale kwuk)

yeast
leaven

Vietnamese

Han character

麴 (khúc)

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