굴다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 굴다 (Yale: kwulta).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key)[kuɭda̠]
  • Phonetic Hangul[굴다]
Revised Romanization? gulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)? gulda
McCune–Reischauer? kulda
Yale Romanization? kwulta

Verb

굴다 • (gulda) (infinitive 굴어, sequential 구니)

  1. (auxiliary, used with the —게 (ge) form of adjectives) to behave, to conduct oneself, to act
    너는 우습게 군다.
    Neoneun useupge gunda.
    You are being funny.

Conjugation
    Selected forms of the verb 굴다 (gulda)
Stems
Stem 1 굴 (gul)
Stem 2 굴어 (gureo)
Stem 3 구 (gu)
Conjugation type Consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 군다
gunda		 굴어
gureo		 굴어요
gureoyo		 굽니다
gumnida
Past 굴었다
gureotda		 굴었어
gureosseo		 굴었어요
gureosseoyo		 굴었습니다
gureotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 구느냐
guneunya		 굴어
gureo		 굴어요
gureoyo		 굽니까
gumnikka
Past 굴었느냐
gureonneunya		 굴었어
gureosseo		 굴었어요
gureosseoyo		 굴었습니까
gureotseumnikka
Hortative 굴자
gulja		굴어
gureo		굴어요
gureoyo		굽시다
gupsida
Imperative 굴어라
gureora		굴어
gureo		굴어요
gureoyo		굽시오
gupsio
Assertive 굴겠다
gulgetda		굴겠어
gulgesseo		굴겠어요
gulgesseoyo		굴겠습니다
gulgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 굴어
gureo		굴어서
gureoseo		구니
guni		구니까
gunikka
Contrast 굴지만
guljiman		구는데
guneunde		굴더니
guldeoni
Conjunction 굴고
gulgo
Condition 굴면
gulmyeon		굴어야
gureoya
Motive 굴려고
gullyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 굶
gum		굴기
gulgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 굴었음
gureosseum		굴었기
gureotgi
Determiners Past 군
gun
Present 구는
guneun
Future 굴
gul
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 구신다
gusinda		 구셔
gusyeo		 구세요, 구셔요
guseyo, gusyeoyo		 구십니다
gusimnida
Past 구셨다
gusyeotda		 구셨어
gusyeosseo		 구셨어요
gusyeosseoyo		 구셨습니다
gusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 구시느냐
gusineunya		 구셔
gusyeo		 구세요, 구셔요
guseyo, gusyeoyo		 구십니까
gusimnikka
Past 구셨느냐
gusyeonneunya		 구셨어
gusyeosseo		 구셨어요
gusyeosseoyo		 구셨습니까
gusyeotseumnikka
Imperative 구시라
gusira		구셔
gusyeo		구세요
guseyo		구십시오
gusipsio
Assertive 구시겠다
gusigetda		구시겠어
gusigesseo		구시겠어요
gusigesseoyo		구시겠습니다
gusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 구셔
gusyeo		구셔서
gusyeoseo		구시니
gusini		구시니까
gusinikka
Contrast 구시지만
gusijiman		구시는데
gusineunde		구시더니
gusideoni
Conjunction 구시고
gusigo
Condition 구시면
gusimyeon		구셔야
gusyeoya
Motive 구시려고
gusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 구심
gusim		구시기
gusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 구셨음
gusyeosseum		구셨기
gusyeotgi
Determiners Past 구신
gusin
Present 구시는
gusineun
Future 구실
gusil
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