-YĄĄD

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *ɣʸanʸ (“to be wise, be aged”). Nouns such as są́ (“old aged”) and sání (“elderly, old one”) both belong to this root.

Possibly related to the root -YĄ́ (“to grow”).

Root

-YĄĄD

1. to be wise, be smart, be aware
Theme Category Bases Bases with O-aa prepounded + Ø / l
ho + Ø ? S is aware, wise, intelligent
  • hayąąh (MOM)
  • hóyą́ (NEUT)
á + ho + Ø ? there is awareness
  • áháyą́
  • áhooyąąd (TRANS)
 S is aware of O
  • áhályą́
  • áhoosyąąd (TRANS)
2. to be attached to, bond with, care about
Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
yi ? S is attached to O, accepts O
  • yoosąąh (MOM)
  • yoosą́ (NEUT)

Stem set
Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -yąąh -yąąd -yąął -yąąh -yąąh
TRANS - -yąąd -yąął - -yą́ą́ʼ
NEUT -yą́ - - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

to be aware, know:

to treat with care:

  • -TIID

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -YĄĄD (be wise)

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