-YIZ

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Athabaskan *ɣ̇əz (“to turn, to whirl”).

Root

-YIZ

  1. to turn
Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
Ø motion

S slides (as a boulder)
ná + Ø successive

S turns around slowly

S turns O around slowly

l motion

S rushes, stampedes (a crowd, a herd)

  • iilyéés
  • chʼélyéés
  • diilyéés
  • ńdiilyéés
  • ...
l ?

S wiggles, zigzags, jerks, dodges

  • dilyéés
  • nánílyéés (“to balk”)
  • ńdílyis (iter.)
  • naalyiz (“to rock”) (CONT)

S wiggles O

  •  
  •  
  •  
  • neiłhiz (CONT)

S is startled

  • dilyéés
  • hodilyéés
  • tsídíyéés

S startles O

  •  
  • hodiłhéés
  • tsíyidíłhéés
ni + Ø adjectival

S is cylindrical, tubular

S gets —

  • niłhis (CONCL)

S makes O —

  • yiniłhis (SEM or CONCL ?)

Note: cf. The pair níyiz / yiniłhis parallels the pair nímas / yiniłmas, but YM doesn't call the latter a Conclusive aspect?

Stem set
Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -yéés -yiz -yis -yis -yéés
CONT -yiz -yiz -yis -yis -yiz
REP -yiz - - - -
SEM -yis -yis -yis -yis -yis
CONCL -yis -yis -yis -yis -yis
NEUT - -yiz - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

to slide:

  • -DÁÁZ (rocks, seeds)
  • -KID (small O)
  • -TÉÉL (animate O)
  • -ZHÓÓD (massive O)
  • -ZHOOZH (rocks, seeds)

to wiggle, to squirm:

to be nervous:

 

to rock, to sway:

to turn:

to twirl:

crowd or herd moves:

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -YIZ (turn)

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