-logy
English
Alternative forms
Etymology
The English -logy suffix originates with loanwords from the Greek, usually via Latin and French, where the suffix (-λογία) is an integral part of the word loaned. E.g. astrology from astrologia, since the 16th century.
The French -logie is a continuation of Latin -logia, ultimately from Ancient Greek -λογία (-logía). Within Greek, the suffix is an -ία (-ía) abstract from λόγος (lógos, “account, explanation, narrative”), itself a verbal noun from λέγω (légō, “I say, speak, converse, tell a story”).
Within English, the suffix becomes productive, especially to form names of sciences or departments of study, analogous to names of disciplines loaned from the Latin, such as astrology from astrologia or geology from geologia. Original compositions of terms with no precedent in Greek or Latin become common beginning in the later 18th century, sometimes imitating French or German templates (e.g. insectology, attested 1766, after French insectologie; terminology, attested 1801, after German Terminologie).
In a third stage, from the 19th century, the suffix becomes productive enough to form nonce combinations with English terms with no Greek or Latin origin, such as undergroundology (1820), hatology (1837).
Finally, from the second half of the 19th century, the suffix has also been used as a simplex, logy (plural logies), in parallel with and often alongside ism (plural isms).
Pronunciation
- enPR: ləjē, IPA(key): /ləd͡ʒi/
Suffix
-logy
Usage notes
The form -ology is also used when including the connecting vowel -o- that is commonly used in connecting two elements of Greek origin.
Derived terms
- acarology
- acridology
- actinobiology
- actinology
- adenology
- aerobiology
- aerology
- aeropalynology
- aetiology
- agnoiology
- agrobiology
- agrology
- agrostology
- algology
- allergology
- amphibiology
- andrology
- anesthesiology
- angelology
- angiology
- anthropology
- apiology
- arachnology
- archaeology
- archaeozoology
- areology
- assyriology
- astrobiology
- astrogeology
- astrology
- atmology
- atomology
- audiology
- autecology
- auxology
- axiology
- bacteriology
- balneology
- bioclimatology
- bioecology
- biology
- biometeorology
- boxology
- bryology
- campanology
- cardiology
- carpology
- cereology
- cetology
- chelonology
- Christology
- chorology
- chronology
- climatology
- coleopterology
- coniology
- conchology
- cosmology
- craniology
- criminology
- cryology
- cryptology
- cryptozoology
- cynology
- cytomorphology
- cytology
- decalogy
- deltiology
- demonology
- dendrochronology
- dendrology
- deontology
- dermatology
- desmology
- dialectology
- docimology
- dosology
- doxology
- ecclesiology
- ecology
- ecophysiology
- edaphology
- egyptology
- electrophysiology
- embryology
- emetology
- encephalology
- endocrinology
- enigmatology
- enology
- entomology
- enzymology
- epidemiology
- epistemology
- eschatology
- ethnology
- ethnomusicology
- ethology
- etiology
- etymology
- evolutionary biology
- evolutionary psychology
- exobiology
- fetology
- fornicology
- Francology
- garbology
- gastrology
- gastroenterology
- gemmology
- gemology
- genealogy
- genecology
- geochronology
- geology
- geomorphology
- gerontology
- glaciology
- glossology
- glottology
- grammatology
- graphology
- gynaecology
- gynecology
- hagiology
- hematology
- heliology
- helioseismology
- helminthology
- henology
- hepatology
- herbology
- herpetology
- heterology
- histology
- histopathology
- historiology
- homology
- horology
- hydrogeology
- hydrology
- hypnology
- ichthyology
- ichnology
- immunology
- islamology
- Japanology
- judeology
- karyology
- kibology
- killology
- kinesiology
- kinology
- kremlinology
- kymatology
- laryngology
- lepidopterology
- lexicology
- limnology
- lithology
- lymphology
- malacology
- mammalogy
- menology
- mereology
- meteorology
- methodology
- metrology
- microbiology
- micrology
- mineralogy
- misology
- mixology
- molinology
- monadology
- morphology
- musicology
- mycology
- myology
- myrmecology
- mythology
- nanotechnology
- neonatology
- nephology
- nephrology
- neurology
- neuropathology
- neurophysiology
- nosology
- numerology
- oceanology
- odonatology
- odontology
- oenology
- oikology
- omphalology
- oncology
- onology
- ontology
- oology
- ophthalmology
- organology
- ornithology
- orthopterology
- orology
- osteology
- otolaryngology
- otology
- otorhinolaryngology
- ovology
- paleontology
- paleoanthropology
- paleoclimatology
- paleoecology
- palynology
- parapsychology
- parasitology
- pathology
- pedology
- penology
- petrology
- pharmacology
- phenology
- phenomenology
- philology
- phonology
- photology
- phraseology
- phrenology
- physiology
- phytology
- piphilology
- planetology
- planktology
- pneumology
- pomology
- posology
- primatology
- psychobiology
- psychology
- psychopharmacology
- psychophysiology
- pulmonology
- pyrology
- radiology
- reflexology
- rheology
- rheumatology
- rhinology
- sarcology
- scatology
- scientology
- seismology
- selenology
- sematology
- semiology
- serology
- serpentology
- sexology
- sinology
- sitiology
- sociology
- sociobiology
- somnology
- soteriology
- sovietology
- speleology
- splanchnology
- sporalogy
- stemmatology
- stomatology
- symbology
- symptomatology
- synecology
- tautology
- technology
- teleology
- teratology
- terminology
- testamentology
- thanatology
- theriology
- thermology
- theology
- thremmatology
- tidology
- tocology
- tonolgy
- topology
- toxicology
- traumatology
- traumatopsychology
- tribology
- trichology
- tropology
- typology
- urology
- ufology
- vaccinology
- venereology
- vermeology
- vexillology
- victimology
- virology
- volcanology
- vulcanology
- xenobiology
- xylology
- zooarchaeology
- zoology
- zumology
- zymology
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
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