Iuppiter
Latin

Etymology
The nominative Iuppiter, for Iūpiter (with shift of the length from vowel to consonant per the "littera" rule), comes from a vocative combined with pater, and essentially meant "father Jove": Proto-Italic *djous patēr, from *djous (“day, sky”) + *patēr (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (“lit. the bright one”), root nomen agentis from *dyew- (“to be bright, day sky”). It is cognate with Umbrian 𐌉𐌖𐌐𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌓 (iupater), and in other Indo-European branches also Sanskrit द्यौष्पितृ (dyauṣ-pitṛ), Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “o father Zeus”).
The oblique cases Iov-, Iovis continue the inflection of Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws. Cognates are Latin diēs (from the accusative case) and Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈjup.pi.ter/, [ˈjʊp.pɪ.tɛr]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈjup.pi.ter/
Audio (Classical) (file)
Proper noun
Iuppiter m (genitive Iovis); irregular declension
- The god Jupiter.
- (poetic) The sky.
- The planet Jupiter.
- 1584, Johann Virdung of Hassfurt, De Cognoscendis, et Medendis Morbis ex Corporum Coelestium Positione:
- [f. 7r] Ex ♃ Peripneumonia, Apoplexia, Pleurisis cardiaca, Angina, [...] oriuntur.
- [f. 7v] HABENT Namque Planetae speciales influentias super humani corporis membra ob existentiam eorum in signis, vt in Ariete, Saturnus habet pectus. Iupiter ventrem. Mars caput. [etc.]
- 1584, Johann Virdung of Hassfurt, De Cognoscendis, et Medendis Morbis ex Corporum Coelestium Positione:
Declension
Third declension.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | Iuppiter | Iovēs |
Genitive | Iovis | Iovum |
Dative | Iovī | Iovibus |
Accusative | Iovem | Iovēs |
Ablative | Iove | Iovibus |
Vocative | Iuppiter | Iovēs |
Derived terms
- dies Iovis
- iovialis
Descendants
- Afrikaans: Jupiter
- Arabic: يوبيتر (yubiitar)
- Armenian: Յուպիտեր (Yupiter)
- Asturian: Xúpiter
- Azerbaijani: Yupiter
- Bashkir: Юпитер (Yupiter)
- Basque: Jupiter
- Catalan: Júpiter
- Cornish: Jubyter, Yow
- Czech: Jupiter
- Dutch: Jupiter
- English: Jupiter, Jove
- Esperanto: Jupitero
- Estonian: Jupiter
- Finnish: Juppiter, Jupiter
See also
- Diespiter
- Diovis
References
- Iuppiter in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
Middle English
References
- “Jupiter (n.)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 14 June 2018.