Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þurnuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós with a secondary *-u-stem, from *ter-.[1] Related to Sanskrit तृण (tṛ́ṇa, “grass”), Proto-Slavic *tьrnъ (“thorn”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈθur.nuz/

Noun

*þurnuz m

thorn, briar

Inflection

u-stemDeclension of *þurnuz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*þurnuz	*þurniwiz
vocative	*þurnu	*þurniwiz
accusative	*þurnų	*þurnunz
genitive	*þurnauz	*þurniwǫ̂
dative	*þurniwi	*þurnumaz
instrumental	*þurnū	*þurnumiz

Derived terms

*þurnatją/*þurnitją
*þurnijǭ
*þurnīnaz
*þurnugaz
*þurnuhtaz

Descendants

Old English: þorn, þyrn
- Middle English: þorn, thorn, thurn, thern, thirn
  - Scots: thorne, thorn
  - English: thorn
Old Frisian: thorn
- North Frisian: Tuurn (Sylt)
- Saterland Frisian: Touden, Tudden
- West Frisian: toarne
Old Saxon: thorn
- Middle Low German: dōrn
  - Low German: Doorn, Dorn
Old Dutch: thurn, thorn
- Middle Dutch: dorn
  - Dutch: doorn, doren
Old High German: dorn
- Middle High German: dorn
  - Alemannic German: Torn
  - German: Dorn
  - Luxembourgish: Dar
Old Norse: þorn, þyrnir
- Icelandic: þorn, þyrnir
- Faroese: torn (tyrnikjarr, tyrnirunnur, tyrniviður)
- Old Swedish: þorn, thørne
  - Swedish: torn, törne
- Norwegian: torn
- Danish: torn, tjørn, tjørne
Gothic: 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌿𐍃 (þaurnus)

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013), “þurnaz”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 552-553

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[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “þurnaz”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 552-553