Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/friþuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From the stem of *frijaz +‎ *-þuz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸri.θuz/

Noun

*friþuz m

peace, tranquility
sanctuary, refuge

Inflection

u-stemDeclension of *friþuz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*friþuz	*friþiwiz
vocative	*friþu	*friþiwiz
accusative	*friþų	*friþunz
genitive	*friþauz	*friþiwǫ̂
dative	*friþiwi	*friþumaz
instrumental	*friþū	*friþumiz

Derived terms

*bergafriþuz
*friþulandą
*friþusamaz
*Friþugaizaz
*Friþurīks
*Gautafriþuz
*Unnanafriþuz (Humphrey)

Descendants

Old English: friþ, friþu
- Middle English: frith
  - English: frith
Old Frisian: fretho
- Saterland Frisian: Free
- West Frisian: frede
Old Saxon: frithu
- Middle Low German: vrēde
  - Low German:
    - German Low German: Freed
    - Westphalian:
      Münsterländer: Frää, Frääden, Frääde, Frääne, Freeden (Westmünsterländisch)
      Münsterländisch: Friäde, Friäden; tefriäden
      East Westphalian: Friae (Ravensberger)
  - Plautdietsch: Fräd
Frankish: *frithu
- Old Dutch: frithu
  - Middle Dutch: vrēde
    - Dutch: vrede
      - Afrikaans: vrede
    - Limburgish: vrieëd
- → Vulgar Latin: *fridū
  - ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *exfridāre (see there for further descendants)
Old High German: fridu
- Middle High German: vride, vrit
  - German: Frieden, Friede
  - Luxembourgish: Fridden
  - Yiddish: פֿרידן‎ (fridn)
Old Norse: friðr
- Danish: fred
- Faroese: friður
- Icelandic: friður
- Norwegian Bokmål: fred
- Norwegian Nynorsk: fred
- Old Swedish: friþer
  - Swedish: fred, frid
Gothic: *𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (*friþus)

References

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