Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hōkaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kog-, *keg-, *keng- (“peg, hook, claw”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxɔː.kɑz/

Noun

*hōkaz m

hook

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *hōkaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hōkaz	hōkōz, hōkōs
vocative	*hōk	hōkōz, hōkōs
accusative	*hōką	*hōkanz
genitive	hōkas, hōkis	*hōkǫ̂
dative	*hōkai	*hōkamaz
instrumental	*hōkō	*hōkamiz

Related terms

*hakô
*hēkô

Descendants

Old English: hōc
- Middle English: hoc, hok, hoke, hooke
  - Scots: huke, huik, hewk
  - English: hook
Old Frisian: hōk
- Saterland Frisian: Houk; (Hoake)
- West Frisian: hoeke, hoek
Old Saxon: hōk
- Middle Low German: hôk, hûk
  - German Low German: Hook
  - Low German: Huk
  - → German: Hook
Frankish: *hōk
- Old Dutch: *hōc, huc (in placenames)
  - Middle Dutch: hoec, houc
    - Dutch: hoek
      - → Danish: huk
      - → Swedish: huk
- → Old French: hoc (also possibly from Old Norse)
  - Middle French: hoquet
    - French: hoquet
    - English: hockey (possibly)
⇒ Old Norse: hœkja
- Icelandic: hækja
- Faroese: høkja
- Norwegian Nynorsk: høkje
- Westrobothnian: hök, høtj
- Norn: hek
- → Scots: heck; heckle
? Finnish: kuokka, koukku

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