< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haifstiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱoyp-stis[1], from *ḱeyp- (“to ridicule, anger”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈxɑi̯ɸ.stiz/

Noun

*haifstiz f

  1. conflict, struggle

Inflection
i-stemDeclension of *haifstiz (i-stem)
singular plural
nominative *haifstiz *haifstīz
vocative *haifsti *haifstīz
accusative *haifstį *haifstinz
genitive *haifstīz *haifstijǫ̂
dative *haifstī *haifstimaz
instrumental *haifstī *haifstimiz
  • *haifstijaz

Descendants
  • Old English: hǣst, hēst; hǣste (< *haifstijaz)
  • Old Frisian: hāst
    • Saterland Frisian: Hoast
    • West Frisian: haest; haeste (< *haifstijaz)
  • Old Saxon: heist
  • Frankish: *haist
    • Old Dutch: *hēst
    • → Old French: haste, hast, ast (see there for further descendants)
  • Old High German: heist, heisti, *heifti (< *haifstijaz)
    • Middle High German: heifte
  • Old Norse: heipt, heift, heist
  • Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃𐍄𐍃 (haifsts)

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*haifsti-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 200: “*ḱoip-sti-”
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