Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrōfą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *krāpo-, *ḱrapo- (“roof”), from Proto-Indo-European *krāwə- (“to cover, heap”).

Cognate with Irish cró (“pen, barn, cabin”), Proto-Slavic *stropъ.

Noun

*hrōfą n

roof

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *hrōfą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hrōfą	*hrōfō
vocative	*hrōfą	*hrōfō
accusative	*hrōfą	*hrōfō
genitive	hrōfas, hrōfis	*hrōfǫ̂
dative	*hrōfai	*hrōfamaz
instrumental	*hrōfō	*hrōfamiz

Descendants

Old English: hrōf
- Middle English: rof, roof, ruffe
  - Scots: ruf, ruif
  - English: roof
Old Frisian: hrōf
Old Saxon: *hrōf
- Middle Low German: rôf
  - Low German: Roof
    - → German: Roof
Old Dutch: *ruof
- Middle Dutch: roef, rouf
  - Dutch: roef
    - French: rouf
    - Norwegian: ruff
    - Swedish: ruff
    - Danish: ruf
      - Icelandic: rúff
      - Faroese: ruff
Old High German: ruof
Old Norse: hróf
- Icelandic: hróf
- Faroese: rógv (possibly)
- Norwegian:
  - Nynorsk: rōv (“collapsed building”) (likely mixed with *rubą)
- Old Swedish: rōgh
  - Swedish: ro (dialectal)

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