Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kalbaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown. Not related to Proto-Indo-European *gʷelbʰ- due to the missing labiovelar in Germanic.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkɑl.βɑz/

Noun

*kalbaz n [1]

calf

Inflection

z-stemDeclension of *kalbaz (z-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*kalbaz	*kalbizō
vocative	*kalbaz	*kalbizō
accusative	*kalbaz	*kalbizō
genitive	*kalbiziz	*kalbizǫ̂
dative	*kalbizi	*kalbizumaz
instrumental	*kalbizē	*kalbizumiz

Descendants

Old English: ċealf, cælf
- Middle English: calf, chelve, chalf, kelf
  - Scots: calf, cawf, caff, cauf
  - English: calf
  - Yola: callef
Old Frisian: *kalf, *kālf
- Saterland Frisian: Koolich
- West Frisian: keal
Old Saxon: kalf
- Middle Low German: kalf
  - Low German: Kalv, Kalf
  - Plautdietsch: Kaulf
Old Dutch: calf
- Middle Dutch: calf
  - Dutch: kalf
  - Limburgish: kalf
Old High German: kalb, chalb, chalp
- Middle High German: kalp
  - Alemannic German: Chalp
  - Central Franconian: Kallev
  - Cimbrian: khalp, khalbe
  - German: Kalb
  - Luxembourgish: Kallef
  - Vilamovian: kołp
  - Yiddish: קאַלב‎ (kalb)
Old Norse: kalfr
- Icelandic: kálfur
- Faeroese: kálvur
- Norn: kvålv
- Norwegian: kalv
- Old Swedish: kalver
  - Swedish: kalv
- Danish: kalv
- Elfdalian: kåv
- Gutnish: kalv

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kalbiz-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 278

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[EDPG-1] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kalbiz-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 278