Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nīþą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *néyHto- or *níHto-, from Proto-Indo-European *neyH- (“to be angry”). Related to Old Irish níth (“battle, fury”).[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈniː.θɑ̃/

Noun

*nīþą n

hate, envy, malice

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *nīþą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*nīþą	*nīþō
vocative	*nīþą	*nīþō
accusative	*nīþą	*nīþō
genitive	nīþas, nīþis	*nīþǫ̂
dative	*nīþai	*nīþamaz
instrumental	*nīþō	*nīþamiz

Related terms

*nīþaną
*nīþingaz

Descendants

Old English: nīþ
- Middle English: nithe
  - English: nithe
Old Frisian: nīth, nīd
- Saterland Frisian: Nied
- West Frisian: niid
Old Saxon: nīth
- Middle Low German: nît
  - German Low German: Nied
Old Dutch: nīth
- Middle Dutch: nijt
  - Dutch: nijd
Old High German: nīd
- Middle High German: nīt
  - German: Neid
  - Luxembourgish: Näid
Old Norse: níð
- Icelandic: níð
- Old Swedish: niþ, nidh (later)
  - Swedish: nid
- Danish: nid
Gothic: 𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 (neiþ)

References

Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 291

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[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 291