< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰel-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*gʰel- [1]

  1. to call
  2. to chant
  3. to shout

Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*g%CA%B0el-' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *gʰel-'>Terms derived from the PIE root *gʰel-</a>
  • *gʰōl-éye-ti (secondary long-grade causative)[1]
    • Balto-Slavic:
      • Slavic: *galiti
        • East Slavic:
          • Russian: нага́лить (nagálitʹ)
          • Russian: га́литься (gálitʹsja)
        • South Slavic:
          • Old Church Slavonic: галити (galiti)
    • Germanic: *gōlijaną (see there for further descendants)
  • *gʰól-e-ti (o-grade intensive)[1]
    • Pre-Germanic: *gal-
      • Germanic: *galaną (see there for further descendants)
      • Pre-Germanic: *gal-dras[1]
        • Germanic: *galdraz (see there for further descendants)
      • Pre-Germanic: *gal-stram[1]
        • Germanic: *galstrą
          • Old High German: galstar
            • Middle High German: galster
  • *gʰl̥-néh₂-ti (néh₂-present)
    • Germanic: *gullōną (see there for further descendants)
  • *gʰel-n- (possible back-formed from *gʰl̥-néh₂-ti)[1]
    • Germanic: *gellaną (see there for further descendants)
  • *gʰel-gʰel-[1]
    • Armenian:
    • Hittite: [script needed] (galgal-ināi-, “to make a musical sound”)
  • *gʰōl-o-
    • Germanic: *gōlaz, *uzgōlaz
  • *gʰōl-i-[1]
    • Balto-Slavic:
      • Slavic:
        • Russian: галь (galʹ) (dialectal)
  • Unsorted formations:

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*galan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 164: “*gʰel-”
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