Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/suH-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

*seh₃u-
*sewH-

Etymology

Has been suggested to derive from *sewH- (“to give birth”) if the original meaning was “sow”.[1]

Possibly related to Akkadian 𒊺𒄷𒌑 (še-hu-u₂, “pig”) (Old Babylonian šahû), which may be an Indo-European borrowing, as well as Sumerian 𒋚 (šah) and 𒍢𒄴 (ze₂-eh).[2]

Noun

*suH-

pig, hog, swine

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

Albanian:
- Albanian: thi
Balto-Slavic:
- Latvian: sivēns, suvēns
- Slavic: *svinъ, *svinьja (from an adjectival form) (see there for further descendants)
Germanic: *sūz, *swīną (from an adjectival form) (see there for further descendants)
Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: ὗς (hûs)
Indo-Iranian: *suH- (see there for further descendants)
Italic:
- Latin: sūs, suīnus (from an adjectival form)
  - Aromanian: sãin ( < suīnus)
  - Romanian: sain ( < suīnus)
  - Sardinian: sue (Campidanese)
- Umbrian: sif
Tocharian:
- Tocharian B: suwo (< *suw-on-)

From the derived root with velar stop *suh₂kéh₂:

Celtic: *sukkos
- Brythonic:
  - Breton: houc'h
  - Cornish: hogh
  - Welsh: hwch
- Old Irish: socc
  - Irish: soc
Germanic: *sugō
- Old English: sugu
  - Middle English: sowe
    - Scots: sou
    - English: sow
- Old Frisian:
  - West Frisian: sûch
- Old Saxon: suga
  - Low German: Söög
- Old Dutch: *soga
  - Middle Dutch: soge, suege
    - Dutch: zeug
- Old Norse:
  - Norwegian: sugge
  - Swedish: sugga
  - Westrobothnian: sågg
Indo-Iranian: *suHkarás, *suHkás (see there for further descendants)

References

De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 603
Clarkson, James (2002) Indo-European Word Formation: Proceedings from the International Conference, p. 387–388

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[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 603

[2] Clarkson, James (2002) Indo-European Word Formation: Proceedings from the International Conference, p. 387–388