< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćasás

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction

The Sanskrit शश (śaśa) is from an earlier *शस (śasa), with the first sibilant influencing the second[1]. The distant assimilation of Proto-Indo-Aryan *s to *ś in the neighborhood of another *ś in Sanskrit observed in Proto-Indo-Iranian *ĉasás > Proto-Indo-Aryan *śasás > Sanskrit शश (śaśá) is also found in *swáćuras > Proto-Indo-Aryan *swáśuras > Sanskrit श्वशुर (śváśura).[2] The second consonant of the Iranian descendants is /h/, pointing to PII *ĉasás.

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱesós (“grey; hare”). Compare Latin cānus, Old English hara (English hare), Old Prussian sasnis (“hare”).

Noun

*ćasás m

  1. hare

Derived terms
  • *ĉasakas (diminutive)
    • Indo-Aryan: *śasakas
      • Sanskrit: शशक (śaśaka)
      • Middle Indo-Aryan:
        • Pali: sasaka
        • Sauraseni Prakrit:
          • Hindi: ससक (sasak) (uncommon)
          • Romani: shoshoj
    • Iranian: *ĉahakah
      • Avestan: 𐬯𐬀𐬵𐬏𐬖‎ (sahūγ)
      • Old Persian: *θahakaʰ
        • Middle Persian: [script needed] (shwk' /sahōg/)
      • Parachi: sahȫk
      • Chorasmian: [script needed] (s'k)
      • Yidgha: sīɣ‎

Descendants
  • Indo-Aryan: *śasás
    • Sanskrit: शश (śaśá)
    • Middle Indo-Aryan:
      • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
        • Bengali: শশ (śôś)
      • Helu:
        • Sinhalese: සාවා (sāvā), සහාවා (sahāvā), ශශයා (śaśayā), සැසයා (sæsayā), හාවෝ (hāvō)?
      • Pali: sasa
      • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲 (sasa)
      • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀲 (sasa)
      • Romani: sosoi
  • Iranian: *ĉaháh
    • Pashto: سوی‎ (soy)
    • Khotanese: 𑀲𑀳 (saha)
    • Wakhi: sыy
    • Ishkashimi: si
    • Sanglechi: sui

References
  1. Monier Williams (1899), “Proto-Indo-Iranian/ćasás”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1060.
  2. Hock, Hans Henrich (1991) Principles of historical linguistics, Walter de Gruyter, page 130
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