Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hyákr̥

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *Hyékʷr̥ (“liver”).

Noun

*Hyákr̥ n

liver

Descendants

Indo-Aryan: *Hyákr̥
- Sanskrit: यकृत् (yákṛt)
  - Dardic: *yákṛt
    - Kalami: [script needed] (yān)
    - Kalasha: [script needed] (žāṅga)
    - Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (yū̃)
    - Shina: [script needed] (yum)
    - Torwali: [script needed] (ǰogō)
  - Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)
    - Marathi: जरंडी (jaraṇḍī, “hepatitis”)
  - Pali: yaka, yakana
  - Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)
    - Kumaoni: जिकुडो (jikuṛo)
    - Sindhi: जेरो (jero)
Iranian: *Hyákr̥
- Central Iranian:
  - Younger Avestan: 𐬫𐬁𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬆‎ (yākarə)
- Northeastern Iranian:
  - Ossetian: игӕр (igær)
- Northwestern Iranian:
  - Baluchi: جگر‎ (jagar, jigar)
  - Gurani: یەھەر‎ (yahar)
  - Kurdish: cerg (ǰarg)
- Southwestern Iranian:
  - Old Persian:
    - Middle Persian: [script needed] (ykl /ǰagar/)
      - Persian: جگر‎ (jegar)
      - Tajik: ҷигар (jigar)
Nuristani: *yakaná (< *Hyaknás)
- Northern Nuristani:
  - Kamkata-viri:
    Kamviri: iāňi
    
    Kativiri: iāi
- Southern Nuristani:
  - Ashkun: ion
  - Waigali: iok

References

Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project)‎, Leiden University

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