< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/yugám

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *yugám, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm.

Noun

*yugám n [1]

  1. yoke

Derived terms

  • *frayugáH (yoke-rope)[2] (+ *fra-)

Descendants

  • Central Iranian:
    • Avestan: *𐬫𐬎𐬎𐬀 (*yuua)
      • Avestan: 𐬫𐬎𐬫𐬋𐬯𐬆𐬨𐬌 (yuyōsəmi)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Sogdian:
      • Syriac: [Syriac needed] (yɣw)
    • Yagnobi: yuɣ
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Ishkashimi: yōɣ
    • Pashto: جغ (źëǧ, juǧ), جوغ (źuǧ), ځغ (źeǧ), زغ (zëǧ)
    • Shughni-Yazgulami: *yúɣ
      • Shughni: yuɣ
      • Yazgulyam: yoɣ
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Kurdish: cûk (ǰūk)
    • Parthian:
      Manichaean: 𐫏𐫇𐫃 (ywg)
      • Classical Persian: یوغ (yūğ), یغ (yōğ), [script needed] ()
        • Dari: یوغ (yūğ)
        • Iranian Persian: یوغ (yuğ)
        • Tajik: [script needed] (yuɣ)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Classical Persian: جوغ (ǰūğ)
      • Shakhdari: جغ (ǰoğ)
      • Iranian Persian: جغ (ǰoğ)

References

  1. Edelʹman, D. I. (2011), “*i̭uga-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 103-104
  2. Morgenstierne, George (1938) Iranian Pamir Languages (Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages), volume II, Oslo: Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning; H. Aschehoug & Co. (W. Nygaard)
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