< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic
Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/-ay-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
Etymology
Likely cognate with Proto-Berber *-e.
Inflection
Declension of *-ay-
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *-ayum | *-ayāna | plural stem + *-ūna |
| Genitive | *-ayim | *-ayayna | plural stem + *-īna |
| Accusative | *-ayam | ||
| possessive forms | |||
| 1st person | *-ayī / *-ayya | — | *-ayni |
| 2nd person m | *-ayka | *-aykumā / *-aykumay | *-aykum(ū) |
| 2nd person f | *-ayki | *-aykin(ā) | |
| 3rd person m | *-ayšu | *-ayšumā / *-ayšumay | *-ayšum(ū) |
| 3rd person f | *-ayša | *-ayšin(ā) | |
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. | |||
See also
- *-at- (much more common)
Descendants
Used to form the feminine of *ʕašt- (“one”); see feminine descendants there for some unproductive descendants.
Productive descendants:
- Arabic: ـَى (-ā)
- Classical Syriac: ܝܘ (-ay)
- Ge'ez: -e
References
- van Putten, Marijn (2018), "The feminine endings *-ay and *-āy in Semitic and Berber", Bulletin of SOAS 81:2, p. 205–225.
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