< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čerda
 |
This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *(s)kerdāˀ.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian ker̃džius (“shepherd”), sker̃džius (“shepherd”), Old Prussian kērdan (“time (acc. sg.)”).
Indo-European cognates include Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰 (hairda, “herd”), and possibly Sanskrit शर्ध m (śárdha, “host (of Maruts)”) and Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (sarəδa, “kind, nature”).
Inflection
Declension of *čērdà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *čērdà | *čẽrdě | *čērdỳ |
| Accusative | *čērdǫ̀ | *čẽrdě | *čērdỳ |
| Genitive | *čērdỳ | *čērdù | *čẽrdъ |
| Locative | *čērdě̀ | *čērdù | *čērdàsъ, *čērdàxъ* |
| Dative | *čērdě̀ | *čērdàma | *čērdàmъ |
| Instrumental | *čērdòjǫ, *čẽrdǫ** | *čērdàma | *čērdàmī |
| Vocative | *čerdo | *čẽrdě | *čērdỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Alternative forms
Derived terms
- *čērdìti
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: чрѣда (črěda)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- → Russian: чреда́ (čredá)
- Bulgarian: черда́ (čerdá, “herd of cattle”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Chakavian (Vrgada): črīdȁ (“herd of sheep”) (obsolete)
- Chakavian (Novi): črēdȁ (“herd of sheep”), acc. črȇdu
- Slovene: črẹ́da (“herd, flock, row”) (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “череда”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čerda”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 04, Moscow: Nauka, page 60
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*čerdà; *čérdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 81: “f. ā; m. o (b) ‘file, herd’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “čerda čerdy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b herd; row; turn (NA 92, 141; PR 135)”
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.