< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/česnъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
Etymology
- Probably substantivized adjective, from **česti + *-nъ. For the meaning compare Middle High German klieben (“to cleave”) : Old High German chlobolouch (“garlic”) (> German Knoblauch).
- Author?: from Proto-Indo-European *kesn-o-, likely from a non-Indo-European source. Cognate with Irish cainneann (“leek”), Welsh cennin (“leek”).
Inflection
Declension of *česnъ (hard o-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *česnъ | *česna | *česni |
| Accusative | *česnъ | *česna | *česny |
| Genitive | *česna | *česnu | *česnъ |
| Locative | *česně | *česnu | *česněxъ |
| Dative | *česnu | *česnoma | *česnomъ |
| Instrumental | *česnъmь, *česnomь* | *česnoma | *česny |
| Vocative | *česne | *česna | *česni |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Declension of *česno (hard o-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *česno | *česně | *česna |
| Accusative | *česno | *česně | *česna |
| Genitive | *česna | *česnu | *česnъ |
| Locative | *česně | *česnu | *česněxъ |
| Dative | *česnu | *česnoma | *česnomъ |
| Instrumental | *česnъmь, *česnomь* | *česnoma | *česny |
| Vocative | *česno | *česně | *česna |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- Nouns:
- *česnikъ
- *česnъkъ
- Adjectives:
- *česnovъ
- *česnovatъ
- *česnovitъ
Descendants
References
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “чесно́к”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “чеснок”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 385
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1977), “*česnъ/*česno”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 04, Moscow: Nauka, page 89
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