Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-is

Suffix

*-ь f Forms nouns:

From adjectives
Synonyms: *-ina, *-ota, *-yni

*glǫbь ← *glǫbъ (“deep”)

*golь ← *golъ (“naked, nude, bare; bald”)

*bělь ← *bělъ (“white”)

*glušь ← *gluxъ (“deaf”)

*moldь ← *moldъ (“young”)

*četvьrtь (“quarter”) ← *četvьrtъ (“fourth”)
From participles
Synonyms: *-ina, *-ica, *-ъka, *-ъkъ, *-ьcь

*kopanь ← *kopanъ ← *kopati (“to dig”)

*oranь ← *oranъ ← *orati (“to plow/plough”)

*dьranь ← *dьranъ ← *dьrati (“to tear, flay”)

*opuxlь ← *opuxlъ ← *opuxnǫti

*orsědlь ← *orsědlъ ← *orsěsti
From verbs
Synonym: *-ъ

*obuvь (“footwear”) ← **obovь ← *obuti (“to put on footwear”)

*blędь ← *blęsti (pres. *blędǫ)

*gręzь ← *gręzti (pres. *gręzǫ)

*rěčь ← *reťi (“to say”) (pres. *rekǫ)

*mazь ← *mazati (“to smear”) (pres. *mažǫ)

Declension

Declension of *-ь (i-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*-ь	*-i	*-i
Accusative	*-ь	*-i	*-i
Genitive	*-i	-ьju, -ju^*	-ьjь, -i^*
Locative	*-i	-ьju, -ju^*	*-ьxъ
Dative	*-i	*-ьma	*-ьmъ
Instrumental	-ьjǫ, -jǫ^*	*-ьma	*-ьmi
Vocative	*-i	*-i	*-i

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Alternative forms

*-ja

Derived terms

► <a href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Slavic_words_suffixed_with_*-%D1%8C' title='Category:Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-ь'>Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-ь</a>

Descendants

In many descendants this suffix became inseparable, see also derived terms.

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: -ь (-ĭ)
  - Belarusian: -ь (-ʹ)
  - Russian: -ь (-ʹ)
  - Ukrainian: -ь (-ʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: -ь (-ĭ)

Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1979), “*glǫbь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 06, Moscow: Nauka, page 144
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1980), “*golь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 07, Moscow: Nauka, page 16
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bělь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 02, Moscow: Nauka, page 84
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1979), “*glušь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 06, Moscow: Nauka, page 154
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1992), “*moldь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 19, Moscow: Nauka, page 179
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1984), “*kopanь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 11, Moscow: Nauka, page 16
Trubačóv, Oleg, Žuravljóv, Anatolij, editors (2005), “*oranь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 32, Moscow: Nauka, page 104
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dьranь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 05, Moscow: Nauka, page 217
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (2002), “*obpuxlь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 29, Moscow: Nauka, page 34
Žuravljóv, Anatolij, editor (2008), “*orzsědlь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 34, Moscow: Nauka, page 249
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (2003), “*obuvь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 30, Moscow: Nauka, page 252
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1975), “*blędь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 02, Moscow: Nauka, page 114
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gręzь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 07, Moscow: Nauka, page 125
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1992), “*mazь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 18, Moscow: Nauka, page 34

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