Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/byvolъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *būvalus, from Latin būbalus, from Ancient Greek βούβαλος (boúbalos). Many of the descendents influenced by a reanalysis as *bujь (“wild”) +‎ *volъ (“ox”).

Noun

*byvolъ m

buffalo

Declension

Declension of *byvolъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*byvolъ	*byvola	*byvoli
Accusative	*byvolъ	*byvola	*byvoly
Genitive	*byvola	*byvolu	*byvolъ
Locative	*byvolě	*byvolu	*byvolěxъ
Dative	*byvolu	*byvoloma	*byvolomъ
Instrumental	byvolъmь, byvolomь^*	*byvoloma	*byvoly
Vocative	*byvole	*byvola	*byvoli

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: бꙑволъ (byvolŭ)
  - Belarusian: бу́йвал (bújval), ба́вал (bával), бу́йла (bújla)
  - Russian: бу́йвол (bújvol), (dialectal) бу́йла (bújla), бу́йло (bújlo)
  - Ukrainian: бу́йвіл (bújvil), бу́йвов (bújvov)

South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  - Church Slavonic (Russian recension): бꙑволъ (byvolŭ)
- Bulgarian: би́вол (bívol)
- Macedonian: бивол (bivol)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: би́вол, би́во̄ (gen: би́вола)
  
  Latin: bívol, bívō (gen: bívola)
- Slovene: bȋvol
→ Albanian: buall (from Slavic?)
→ Hungarian: bivaly
→ Romanian: bivol

West Slavic:
- Old Czech: byvol
  - Czech: buvol
- Polish: bawół, bajwół
- Slovak: byvol
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: buwoł
  - Upper Sorbian: buwoł

References

Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1976), “*byvolъ”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Nauka, page 158
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “бу́йвол”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress

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