< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gadъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷoh₁dʰ-o-. Cognate with Lithuanian gė́da (“shame, disgrace”), Old Prussian gīdan (“shame, disgrace”), Proto-Germanic *kwēdą.

In principle, the Slavic reflex could alternatively be derived (following Winter's law) from proto-Indo-European *gádos, which also may have given Ancient Greek γάδος (gádos, “fish”) and Latin gadus (“Gadiform”) → English cod fish. This reconstruction, however, is problematic, because proto-Indo-European avoided double glottalic roots, i.e. **GVG where G can be any medial stop. Beekes considers the Hellenic etymon to be of pre-Greek origin.

Noun

*gàdъ m [1][2]

  1. snake, reptile
  2. (by extension) any creepy animal

Declension
Declension of *gàdъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *gàdъ *gàda *gàdi
Accusative *gàdъ *gàda *gàdy
Genitive *gàda *gàdu *gàdъ
Locative *gàdě *gàdu *gàdě̄xъ
Dative *gàdu *gàdoma *gàdomъ
Instrumental *gàdъmь, *gàdomь* *gàdoma *gàdȳ
Vocative *gàde *gàda *gàdi
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms
  • *gaditi (“to disgust”)
  • *gadina (“minion, bug”)
  • *gadьnъ (“disgusting”)

Descendants

Further reading

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gàdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 160: “m. o (a)”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “gadъ gada”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a reptile (NA 115; PR 131; RPT 99, 101)”
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