< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/greti
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From earlier *grebtì, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *grebtei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ-. Cognate with Lithuanian grė́bti (“to seize, to rob, to rake”), Latvian grebt (“to seize, to scrape, to excavate”), Sanskrit गृह्णाति (gṛhṇā́ti), गृभ्णाति (gṛbhṇā́ti, “to seize, to hold, to take”), Gothic 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (graban, “to dig”), English grab. Per Derksen, the acute vowel of Lithuanian grė́bti is analogical after gróbti (“to seize”).
Note the development of the infinitive: *grebtì > *gretì (by regular sound change) > *grestì (by analogy with other consonant-stem verbs, most of which have infinitives in -*sti or -*zti) > *grebstì (by analogy with the stem *greb-, only in some languages).
Inflection
Conjugation of *greti (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*grebenьje | *greti | *gretъ | *greblъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *grebenъ | *grebomъ |
Active | *grebъ | *greby |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *greb(ox)ъ | *grebe | *grebe | *grebǫ | *grebeši | *grebetь |
Dual | *greb(ox)ově | *greb(e/os)ta | *greb(e/os)te | *grebevě | *grebeta | *grebete |
Plural | *greb(ox)omъ | *greb(e/os)te | *grebǫ, *grebošę | *grebemъ | *grebete | *grebǫtь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *greběaxъ | *greběaše | *greběaše | — | *grebi | *grebi |
Dual | *greběaxově | *greběašeta | *greběašete | *greběvě | *greběta | — |
Plural | *greběaxomъ | *greběašete | *greběaxǫ | *greběmъ | *greběte | — |
Derived terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “гребу́”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “грести́”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, pages 215–216
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grebti”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 07, Moscow: Nauka, page 109
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gretì”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 186: “v. (c) ‘dig, scrape, rake’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “grebti: grebǫ grebetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c grave, ro (PR 139)”
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