< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gynǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Derksen, the root vowel stems from lengthening of the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *gʰubʰ- from the root *gʰewbʰ-, with the addition of the Proto-Slavic suffix *-nǫti; the acute tone of the root is a secondary development, common in verbs ending in *-nǫti. Compare *gubìti (“to destroy”), the corresponding causative. Also cognate with *gъbnǫti (“to bend”). Other scholars reconstruct the PIE root differently from Derksen; see discussion under *gъbnǫti.

Verb

*gỳnǫti [1][2]

  1. to perish

Inflection
Conjugation of *gynǫti (?, -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*gybenьje *gynǫti *gynǫtъ *gyblъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *gybenъ *gynomъ
Active *gybъ *gyny
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *gyb(ox)ъ*gybe*gybe *gynǫ*gyneši*gynetь
Dual *gyb(ox)ově*gyb(e/os)ta*gyb(e/os)te *gynevě*gyneta*gynete
Plural *gyb(ox)omъ*gyb(e/os)te*gybǫ, *gybošę *gynemъ*gynete*gynǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *gyněaxъ*gyněaše*gyněaše —*gyni*gyni
Dual *gyněaxově*gyněašeta*gyněašete *gyněvě*gyněta—
Plural *gyněaxomъ*gyněašete*gyněaxǫ *gyněmъ*gyněte—

Alternative forms

Derived terms
  • *gъbnǫti (“to bend”)
  • *gъbežь (“bend, joint”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: гыбнꙋти (gybnuti), гынꙋти (gynuti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: гыбнѫти (gybnǫti)
      Glagolitic: [Term?]
    • Bulgarian: ги́на (gína)
    • Macedonian: гине (gine), гибне (gibne)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic: ги̏нути
      Latin: gȉnuti
    • Slovene: gíniti (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: hynout
    • Old Polish: ginąć
    • Slovak: hynúť
    • Slovincian: ħḯbnȯų̯c, ħï̂nȯų̯c
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: hinyć
      • Lower Sorbian: ginuś

Further reading

References
    • Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gỳnǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 200: “v. (a) ‘perish’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “gybnǫti: gybnǫ gybnetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 211, 259; PR 133; MP 22)”
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