Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lěpiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *loip-, from Proto-Indo-European *loyp-eye-, from *leyp-. Cognate with Lithuanian lipìnti (“to glue, to stick”), láipioti (“to glue, to stick”) (dialectal), lìpti (“to stick”) (1sg. limpù), Latvian lipt (“to stick”), Sanskrit लेपयति (lepayati, “to smear”), लिम्पति (limpáti, “to smear”), Ancient Greek λιπαίνω (lipaínō, “to oil”), Hittite [script needed] (lip-, “to smear”). Pokorny also links various other words with less obvious semantic connection, e.g. Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bilaibjan, “to leave, to abandon”), English leave, English live, Latin lippus (“festering”). See also *lьnǫti.

Verb

*lěpiti

to smear
to stick

Inflection

Conjugation of *lěpiti (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*lěpľenьje	*lěpiti	*lěpitъ	*lěpilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*lěpľenъ	*lěpimъ
Active	*lěpľь	*lěpę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lěpixъ	*lěpi	*lěpi	*lěpľǫ	*lěpiši	*lěpitь
Dual	*lěpixově	*lěpista	*lěpiste	*lěpivě	*lěpita	*lěpite
Plural	*lěpixomъ	*lěpiste	*lěpišę	*lěpimъ	*lěpite	*lěpętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lěpľaaxъ	*lěpľaaše	*lěpľaaše	—	*lěpi	*lěpi
Dual	*lěpľaaxově	*lěpľaašeta	*lěpľaašete	*lěpivě	*lěpita	—
Plural	*lěpľaaxomъ	*lěpľaašete	*lěpľaaxǫ	*lěpimъ	*lěpite	—

(*)*lěpivъ is later doublet of past active participle

Related terms

*lьnǫti (“to stick”)
*lě̑pъ (“glue”)

*lě̑pъ (“beautiful”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: лѣпитисꙗ (lěpitisja)
  - Belarusian: ляпи́ць (ljapícʹ)
  - Russian: лепи́ть (lepítʹ, “to model, to stick”), 1sg. леплю́ (lepljú), 3sg. ле́пит (lépit)
  - Ukrainian: ліпи́ти (lipýty), 1sg. ліплю́ (lipljú)

South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: прилѣпити (prilěpiti, “to stick”), 1sg. прилѣплѭ (prilěpljǫ)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: лепя́ (lepjá, “to stick, to smear”)
- Macedonian: лепи (lepi, “to stick, to glue”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: лијѐпити (“to cover with clay”), 1sg. ли̏јепӣм
  
  Latin: lijèpiti (“to cover with clay”), 1sg. lȉjepīm
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): līpȉti (“to cover with clay”), 2sg. lĩpīš
- Slovene: lepíti (“to stick”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. lepím (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:
- Czech: lepit (“to stick, to glue”)
- Old Polish: lepić
  - Polish: lepić (“to stick, to glue”)
- Slovak: lepiť (“to stick, to glue”)
- Slovincian: lìe̯pjĭc (“to glue”)
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: lěpić (“to glue”)
  - Lower Sorbian: lěpiś (“to stick”)

References

Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “лепи́ть”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 476
Derksen, Rick (2008), “*lěpiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 273
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “лепи́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 670–671
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1987), “*lěpiti (sę) I”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 14, Moscow: Nauka, page 247

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