< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/měniti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Inflection
Conjugation of *měniti (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *měňenьje | *měniti | *měnitъ | *měnilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *měňenъ | *měnimъ |
| Active | *měňь | *měnę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *měnixъ | *měni | *měni | *měňǫ | *měniši | *měnitь |
| Dual | *měnixově | *měnista | *měniste | *měnivě | *měnita | *měnite |
| Plural | *měnixomъ | *měniste | *měnišę | *měnimъ | *měnite | *měnętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *měňaaxъ | *měňaaše | *měňaaše | — | *měni | *měni |
| Dual | *měňaaxově | *měňaašeta | *měňaašete | *měnivě | *měnita | — |
| Plural | *měňaaxomъ | *měňaašete | *měňaaxǫ | *měnimъ | *měnite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*měnivъ is later doublet of past active participle
Related terms
- *měna (“change, exchange”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: мѣнити (měniti, “to exchange”) (15th century)
- Belarusian: менитися (mjenitisja) (obsolete)
- Russian: мени́ть (menítʹ) (dialectal)
- ⇒ Russian: измени́ть (izmenítʹ)
- Ukrainian: міни́ти (minýty)
- Old East Slavic: мѣнити (měniti, “to exchange”) (15th century)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: měniti
- Czech: měnit
- Old Polish: mienić
- Polish: mienić
- Slovak: meniť sa
- Slovincian: mjìe̯nĭc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: měnić
- Lower Sorbian: měniś
- Old Czech: měniti
Further reading
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “ме́на”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, pages 522–523
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “меня́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2.*mei̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 426
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1992), “*měniti (sę) I”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 18, Moscow: Nauka, page 173
Etymology 2
Cognate with Proto-Germanic *mainijaną (“to mean, to think”) (whence German meinen (“to mean”), English mean, etc.), Old Irish mían (“wish, desire”). Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *meyn-. Per Derksen, quoting Kluge-Seebold,[3] possibly related to *měniti (“to change”), with an original meaning "to consequentively present one's meaning".
Inflection
Conjugation of *měniti (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *měňenьje | *měniti | *měnitъ | *měnilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *měňenъ | *měnimъ |
| Active | *měňь | *měnę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *měnixъ | *měni | *měni | *měňǫ | *měniši | *měnitь |
| Dual | *měnixově | *měnista | *měniste | *měnivě | *měnita | *měnite |
| Plural | *měnixomъ | *měniste | *měnišę | *měnimъ | *měnite | *měnętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *měňaaxъ | *měňaaše | *měňaaše | — | *měni | *měni |
| Dual | *měňaaxově | *měňaašeta | *měňaašete | *měnivě | *měnita | — |
| Plural | *měňaaxomъ | *měňaašete | *měňaaxǫ | *měnimъ | *měnite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*měnivъ is later doublet of past active participle
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: мѣнити (měniti) (12th–13th century)
- Ukrainian: м'іни́ти (mʺinýty) (dialectal)
- ⇒ Ukrainian: поміни́ти (pominýty)
- Ukrainian: м'іни́ти (mʺinýty) (dialectal)
- Old East Slavic: мѣнити (měniti) (12th–13th century)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: mieniti
- Czech: mínit
- Polish: mienić
- Slovak: mieniť
- Slovincian: mjìe̯nĭc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: měnić
- Lower Sorbian: mjěniś, měniś
Further reading
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1992), “*měniti (sę) II”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 18, Moscow: Nauka, page 174-175
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*měniti I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 311: “v. (c) ‘change, exchange’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “měniti: měnjǫ měnitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c blande (PR 140)”
- Kluge, Friedrich (1995), Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological dictionary of the German language] (in German), 23rd edition, →ISBN, page 551.
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*měniti II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 312: “v. ‘think’”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “menīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*měni̋ti”
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