< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/měra
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mḗˀrāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁-reh₂, from *meh₁- (“to measure”). Cognate with Ancient Greek μῆτις (mêtis, “plan, ruse”), Old English mǣþ (“measure”), Sanskrit माति (mā́ti), मिमाति (mímāti, “to measure, to assign”), मात्रा (mā́trā, “measure”), Latin mētior (“to measure”), Albanian mat, mas (“to measure”).
Inflection
Declension of *mě̀ra (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *mě̀ra | *mě̀rě | *mě̀ry |
| Accusative | *mě̀rǫ | *mě̀rě | *mě̀ry |
| Genitive | *mě̀ry | *mě̀ru | *mě̀rъ |
| Locative | *mě̀rě | *mě̀ru | *mě̀rasъ, *mě̀raxъ* |
| Dative | *mě̀rě | *mě̀rama | *mě̀ramъ |
| Instrumental | *mě̀rojǫ, *mě̀rǭ** | *mě̀rama | *mě̀ramī |
| Vocative | *mě̀ro | *mě̀rě | *mě̀ry |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *mě̀riti (“to measure”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “ме́ра”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “ме́ра”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 524
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1992), “*měra”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 18, Moscow: Nauka, page 178
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*mě̀ra”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 312: “f. ā (a) ‘measure’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “měra”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132; RPT 109)”
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