Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/načęti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *nō+*k(e)n-. Equivalent to *na- +‎ *čęti.

Verb

*načę̀ti pf [1][2][3]

to begin

Conjugation

Conjugation of *načęti (perf., -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*načętьje	*načęti	*načętъ	*načęlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*načętъ	—
Active	*načьnъ	—

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*načęsъ	*načę	*načę	*načьnǫ	*načьneši	*načьnetь
Dual	*načęsově	*načęsta	*načęste	*načьnevě	*načьneta	*načьnete
Plural	*načęsomъ	*načęste	*načęsę	*načьnemъ	*načьnete	*načьnǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	—	—	—	—	*načьni	*načьni
Dual	—	—	—	*načьněvě	*načьněta	—
Plural	—	—	—	*načьněmъ	*načьněte	—

In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Derived terms

*načędlo
*načędlьnikъ
*načędlьnъ
*načępъlkъ

*načętelь
*načętъkъ
*načętьje
*načinati

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: начѧти (načęti)
  - Old Belarusian: начати (načati)
    - Belarusian: нача́ць (načácʹ)
  - Russian: нача́ть (načátʹ)
  - Old Ukrainian: начати (načati)
    - Ukrainian: нача́ти (načáty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: начѧти (načęti)
- Bulgarian: наче́на (načéna)
- Macedonian: начне (načne)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: на̀че̄ти
  
  Latin: nàčēti
- Slovene: načẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: načieti
  - Czech: načít
- Polabian: nocǫl
- Old Polish: nacząć
  - Polish: nacząć (dialectal)
- Slovak: načať
- Slovincian: nȧčïc
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: načeć
  - Lower Sorbian: naceś

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*načę̀ti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 345: “v. ‘begin’”
Olander, Thomas (2001), “-čęti: -čьnǫ -čьnetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 203, 247, 251; PR 136)”
Snoj, Marko (2016), “začẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*čę́ti, sed. *čь̏nǫ”

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*načę̀ti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 345: “v. ‘begin’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001), “-čęti: -čьnǫ -čьnetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 203, 247, 251; PR 136)”

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016), “začẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*čę́ti, sed. *čь̏nǫ”