< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/olkati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Per Derksen, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *alˀk-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁olHk-, with the second laryngeal required to account for the acute tone in Balto-Slavic; but perhaps more commonly reconstructed as coming from Proto-Indo-European *h₁elk- (e.g. Rasmussen (p. 199) reconstructs *h₁e-h₁olk- > Proto-Balto-Slavic *ōlk-). Cognate with Lithuanian álkti (“to be hungry”) (1sg. álkstu, 1sg. past álkau), Latvian al̂kt (“to be hungry”) (1sg. al̂kstu), Old Prussian alkīns (“sober, skinny”), Old High German ilgi (“hunger, gnashing of the teeth”), probably also Old Norse illr (“evil”) < *elhila-.
Inflection
Conjugation of *olkati (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *olkanьje | *olkati | *olkatъ | *olkalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *olkanъ | *olčemъ |
| Active | *olkavъ | *olčę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *olkaxъ | *olka | *olka | *olčǫ | *olčeši | *olčetь |
| Dual | *olkaxově | *olkasta | *olkaste | *olčevě | *olčeta | *olčete |
| Plural | *olkaxomъ | *olkaste | *olkašę | *olčemъ | *olčete | *olčǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *olkaaxъ | *olkaaše | *olkaaše | — | *olči | *olči |
| Dual | *olkaaxově | *olkaašeta | *olkaašete | *olčivě | *olčita | — |
| Plural | *olkaaxomъ | *olkaašete | *olkaaxǫ | *olčimъ | *olčite | — |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: лакати (lakati, “to crave”), 1sg. лачꙋ (laču)
- Russian: лака́ть (lakátʹ, “to crave”)
- Old East Slavic: лакати (lakati, “to crave”), 1sg. лачꙋ (laču)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: алъкати (alŭkati, “to be hungry, to fast”), 1sg. алъчѫ (alŭčǫ); лакати (lakati, “to be hungry, to fast”), 1sg. лачѫ (lačǫ)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Slovene: lákati (“to be hungry, to be greedy, to starve”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. lákam (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: lákati (“to crave”), 1sg. lákaju, láču
- Polish: (łaknąć (“to feel hunger for, to crave”))
- Slovak: lákať
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: łakaś (“to show desire, to stalk”)
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*òlkati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 367
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “алка́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “ла́кать”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Rasmussen, J.E. (1999), “Stray Indo-European notes”, in Selected papers on Indo-European linguistics. With a selection on comparative Eskimo linguistics, volume I, Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, pages 199–205
- Trubačóv, Oleg, Žuravljóv, Anatolij, editors (2005), “*olkati”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 32, Moscow: Nauka, page 57
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