Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/otъvoriti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

*otvorìti

Etymology

Causative/iterative from *otъverti (“to open”); see there for etymology.

Verb

otъvorìti

to open

Inflection

Conjugation of *otъvoriti (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*otъvořenьje	*otъvoriti	*otъvoritъ	*otъvorilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*otъvořenъ	*otъvorimъ
Active	*otъvořь	*otъvorę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*otъvorixъ	*otъvori	*otъvori	*otъvořǫ	*otъvoriši	*otъvoritь
Dual	*otъvorixově	*otъvorista	*otъvoriste	*otъvorivě	*otъvorita	*otъvorite
Plural	*otъvorixomъ	*otъvoriste	*otъvorišę	*otъvorimъ	*otъvorite	*otъvorętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*otъvořaaxъ	*otъvořaaše	*otъvořaaše	—	*otъvori	*otъvori
Dual	*otъvořaaxově	*otъvořaašeta	*otъvořaašete	*otъvorivě	*otъvorita	—
Plural	*otъvořaaxomъ	*otъvořaašete	*otъvořaaxǫ	*otъvorimъ	*otъvorite	—

(*)*otъvorivъ is later doublet of past active participle

Related terms

*obora (“string, twine”)
*obòra, *obòrъ (“enclosure”)
*otъverti (“to open”)

*proverti (“to stick through”)
*zaverti (“to close, to enclose”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: отворити (otvoriti)
  - Russian: отвори́ть (otvorítʹ), 1sg. отворю́ (otvorjú), 3sg. отво́рит (otvórit)
  - Ukrainian: dialectal отвори́ти (otvorýty)

South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: отворити (otvoriti)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: отво́ря (otvórja)
- Macedonian: отвори (otvori)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: отво̀рити, 1sg. о̀творӣм
  
  Latin: otvòriti, 1sg. òtvorīm
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): otvorȉti, 2sg. otvȍrīš
- Slovene: otvoríti (tonal orthography), 1sg. otvorím (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:
- Old Czech: otvořiti
  - Czech: otvořit (rare)
- Polabian: (wittöhr, vitör (“open the door”, imperative))
- Old Polish: odworzyć, otworzyć
  - Polish: otworzyć
- Slovak: otvoriť
- Slovincian: vɵtvʉ̀ɵ̯řĕc (“to open”); (tvʉ̀ɵ̯řĕc (“to open, to close”))
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: wótworiś

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ot(ъ)verti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 382
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “отвори́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Žuravljóv, Anatolij, editor (2014), “*otъvoriti (sę)”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 39, Moscow: Nauka, page 110

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