< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pěti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *paitei.
- Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *poyH-, from the root *peyH-. Cognate with Tocharian B pi- (“to sing, to make sing”).
- Per Vasmer, connections outside of Slavic are unreliable. Possibly connected with Ancient Greek παιάν (paián), παιών (paiṓn), Ionic παιήων (paiḗōn, “paean, hymn in honor of Apollo”); sometimes also compared with Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌽 (faian, “to blame, to condemn”), Ancient Greek ἔμπαιος (émpaios, “knowledgeable, intelligent”).
- Per Trubachev, possibly originating as a causative of *piti (“to drink”), with the semantic change drink > sing going back to the pagan rite of sacrificial libation.
- A derivation from Proto-Indo-European *pey- (“to adore”) is also possible despite lacking direct semantic basis. If so, cognates include Latin pius (“pious, devout”) and Old English fǣle (“faithful, trusty, good; dear, beloved”)
The alternating Proto-Slavic stems *pě- and *poj- are regular outcomes of the original Proto-Balto-Slavic *pai- before consonants and vowels respectively.
Conjugation
Conjugation of *pěti (impf., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *pětьje | *pěti | *pětъ | *pělъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *pětъ | *pojemъ |
| Active | *pěvъ | *poję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *pěxъ | *pě | *pě | *pojǫ | *poješi | *pojetь |
| Dual | *pěxově | *pěsta | *pěste | *pojevě | *pojeta | *pojete |
| Plural | *pěxomъ | *pěste | *pěšę | *pojemъ | *pojete | *pojǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *pojaaxъ | *pojaaše | *pojaaše | — | *poji | *poji |
| Dual | *pojaaxově | *pojaašeta | *pojaašete | *pojivě | *pojita | — |
| Plural | *pojaaxomъ | *pojaašete | *pojaaxǫ | *pojimъ | *pojite | — |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “петь”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 28
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*pěti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 398
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “пою́”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
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