Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/rъžь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Related to Lithuanian rugỹs, Latvian rudzis, Old Prussian rugis, Proto-Germanic *rugiz (see Old Norse rugr, English rye).

Noun

*rъžь f

rye (plant)

Declension

Declension of *rъžь (i-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*rъžь	*rъži	*rъži
Accusative	*rъžь	*rъži	*rъži
Genitive	*rъži	rъžьju, rъžu^*	rъžьjь, rъži^*
Locative	*rъži	rъžьju, rъžu^*	*rъžьxъ
Dative	*rъži	*rъžьma	*rъžьmъ
Instrumental	rъžьjǫ, rъžǫ^*	*rъžьma	*rъžьmi
Vocative	*rъži	*rъži	*rъži

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ръжь (rŭžĭ)
  - Belarusian: рож f (rož) (gen: ржы (ržy))
  - Russian: рожь f (rožʹ) (gen: ржи (rži))
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: ръжь (rŭžĭ)
- Bulgarian: ръж f (rǎž)
- Macedonian: ’рж f (’rž)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: ра̑ж f (gen: ра̏жи)
  
  Latin: rȃž f (gen: rа̏ži)
- Slovene: ȓž, rəž f (tonal orthography) (gen: ržȋ (tonal orthography))
West Slavic:
- Czech: rež f (gen: rži)
- Polabian: raz
- Old Polish: reż f (gen: rży)
- Slovak: raž f (gen: raži)
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: rež f (gen: režy)
  - Upper Sorbian: rož f
→ Hungarian: rozs (from some Slavic source)

References

Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “рожь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress

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