< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/razъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Equivalent to *raziti (“to pound, to bounce”) +‎ *-ъ, from Proto-Indo-European *wreh₁ǵ-. Cognate with Lithuanian rúоžаs (“dash”), Latvian ruôzа (“hill”) and akin to Ancient Greek ῥώξ (rhṓx, “crack”). In many daughter languages, the lemma became fossilized into an adverb with a sense similar to English once.

Noun

rȃzъ m [1]

  1. tact, dash, stroke
    → (by extension) unit for measuring time
  2. mark
  3. case

Inflection
Declension of *rȃzъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *rȃzъ *rȃza *rȃzi
Accusative *rȃzъ *rȃza *rȃzy
Genitive *rȃza *razù *rãzъ
Locative *rȃzě *razù *razě̃xъ
Dative *rȃzu *razomà *razòmъ
Instrumental *rȃzъmь, *rȃzomь* *razomà *razý
Vocative *raze *rȃza *rȃzi
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: разъ (razŭ, “case”)
    • Bulgarian: раз (raz)
    • Macedonian: раз (raz)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic: ра̄з
      Latin: rāz
    • Slovene: rȃz
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: ráz
    • Polish: raz
    • Slovak: raz
    • Sorbian:
      Upper Sorbian: raz
      Lower Sorbian: raz

Further reading
  • Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “раз”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
  • Račeva M., Todorov T., editors (2002), “раз”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 147
  • Snoj, Marko (2016), “ráziti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “rȃz”

References
  1. Olander, Thomas (2001), “razъ raza”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 41; RPT 99, 102)”
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