< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/roditi
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *rodei- / *rodi-. Cognate with Latvian radît (“to give birth to, to create”). Further connections unclear:
- Derksen doesn't see any obvious connections outside of Balto-Slavic.
- Rix (LIV) reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *(H)rodʰ-eye-, a causative from a putative root *(H)rodʰ-.
- Connections with Sanskrit वर्धते (várdhate, “to grow, to thrive”) are often suggested as well, although these are formally difficult because irregular loss of *-w- must occur.
Inflection
Conjugation of *roditi (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *roďenьje | *roditi | *roditъ | *rodilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *roďenъ | *rodimъ |
| Active | *roďь | *rodę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *rodixъ | *rodi | *rodi | *roďǫ | *rodiši | *roditь |
| Dual | *rodixově | *rodista | *rodiste | *rodivě | *rodita | *rodite |
| Plural | *rodixomъ | *rodiste | *rodišę | *rodimъ | *rodite | *rodętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *roďaaxъ | *roďaaše | *roďaaše | — | *rodi | *rodi |
| Dual | *roďaaxově | *roďaašeta | *roďaašete | *rodivě | *rodita | — |
| Plural | *roďaaxomъ | *roďaašete | *roďaaxǫ | *rodimъ | *rodite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*rodivъ is later doublet of past active participle
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “роди́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “рожа́ть”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 119
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
Etymology 2
See *raditi.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Inflection
Conjugation of *roditi (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *roďenьje | *roditi | *roditъ | *rodilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *roďenъ | *rodimъ |
| Active | *roďь | *rodę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *rodixъ | *rodi | *rodi | *roďǫ | *rodiši | *roditь |
| Dual | *rodixově | *rodista | *rodiste | *rodivě | *rodita | *rodite |
| Plural | *rodixomъ | *rodiste | *rodišę | *rodimъ | *rodite | *rodętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *roďaaxъ | *roďaaše | *roďaaše | — | *rodi | *rodi |
| Dual | *roďaaxově | *roďaašeta | *roďaašete | *rodivě | *rodita | — |
| Plural | *roďaaxomъ | *roďaašete | *roďaaxǫ | *rodimъ | *rodite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*rodivъ is later doublet of past active participle
Related terms
- *raditi (“to care about, to heed”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: родити (roditi, “to care about”)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: neroditi (“to not care about”)
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: rodźić (“to want, to strive”), dialectal rodźeć
- Lower Sorbian: roźeś (“to want, to strive”)
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*rodìti I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 437: “v. ‘give birth, bear (fruit)’”
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*roditi II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 437: “v. ‘care (about), heed’”
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