< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sliva
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)liH-w-.
Compare Latin *līvos (“bluish”), līvidus (“of a blue or leaden colour, bluish, blue; livid”), līvor (“bluish color”), līvēre (“to be livid, bluish”), Old High German slêha, slêwа (“sloe”), Old Irish lí (“colour, pallor”), Welsh lliw (“colour”).
According to Vasmer *sliva originally meant colors.
Inflection
Declension of *slìva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *slìva | *slìvě | *slìvy |
| Accusative | *slìvǫ | *slìvě | *slìvy |
| Genitive | *slìvy | *slìvu | *slìvъ |
| Locative | *slìvě | *slìvu | *slìvasъ, *slìvaxъ* |
| Dative | *slìvě | *slìvama | *slìvamъ |
| Instrumental | *slìvojǫ, *slìvǭ** | *slìvama | *slìvamī |
| Vocative | *slìvo | *slìvě | *slìvy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
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