< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stenati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sten-, from Proto-Indo-European *sten-. Cognate with Lithuanian stenė́ti (“to groan, to moan”) (1sg. stenù), Latvian stenêt (1sg. stenu, stenẽju, Old Prussian stīnons (“hard-won, transferred”, perf. part.), Ancient Greek στένω (sténō, “to moan, to sigh, to bewail”), Old English stenan (“to groan”), Sanskrit स्तनति (stánati, “to rattle, to rumble”).
Inflection
Conjugation of *stenati (?, -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *stenanьje | *stenati | *stenatъ | *stenalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *stenanъ | *steňemъ |
| Active | *stenavъ | *steňę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *stenaxъ | *stena | *stena | *steňǫ | *steňeši | *steňetь |
| Dual | *stenaxově | *stenasta | *stenaste | *steňevě | *steňeta | *steňete |
| Plural | *stenaxomъ | *stenaste | *stenašę | *steňemъ | *steňete | *steňǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *stenaaxъ | *stenaaše | *stenaaše | — | *steňi | *steňi |
| Dual | *stenaaxově | *stenaašeta | *stenaašete | *steňivě | *steňita | — |
| Plural | *stenaaxomъ | *stenaašete | *stenaaxǫ | *steňimъ | *steňite | — |
Related terms
- *stonъ (“moan, groan”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: sténat
- Slovak: stenať
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*stenàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 466
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “стена́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
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