< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/terba
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *þerb-. Cognate with Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰 (þarba, “poverty, need, want”), 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌽 (þaurban, “to need, be in want”), 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍆𐍄𐍃 (þaurfts, “need, necessity”).
Declension
Declension of *terba (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *terba | *tèrbě | *tèrby |
| Accusative | *tèrbǫ | *tèrbě | *tèrby |
| Genitive | *tèrby | *tèrbu | *tèrbъ |
| Locative | *tèrbě | *tèrbu | *tèrbasъ, *tèrbaxъ* |
| Dative | *tèrbě | *tèrbama | *tèrbamъ |
| Instrumental | *tèrbojǫ, *tèrbǭ** | *tèrbama | *tèrbamī |
| Vocative | *tèrbo | *tèrbě | *tèrby |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: тереба (tereba)
- South Slavic:
References
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “тре́ба”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
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