< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьdova
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *h₁widʰéwh₂, possibly from *h₁weydʰ-.
Baltic cognates include Old Prussian widdewū (“widow”).
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit विधवा (vidhavā, “widow”), विधु (vidhùṣ), Ancient Greek ἠΐθεος (ēḯtheos), Latin vidua f (“widow”), viduus, Old Irish fedb f, Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍅𐍉 f (widuwō).
Also compare Lithuanian vidùs (“interior”), Latin dīvidō.
Declension
Declension of *vьdovà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *vьdovà | *vьdòvě | *vьdovỳ |
| Accusative | *vьdovǫ̀ | *vьdòvě | *vьdovỳ |
| Genitive | *vьdovỳ | *vьdovù | *vьdòvъ |
| Locative | *vьdově̀ | *vьdovù | *vьdovàsъ, *vьdovàxъ* |
| Dative | *vьdově̀ | *vьdovàma | *vьdovàmъ |
| Instrumental | *vьdovòjǫ, *vьdòvǫ** | *vьdovàma | *vьdovàmī |
| Vocative | *vьdovo | *vьdòvě | *vьdovỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *vьdovъ
- *vьdovьcь
- *vьdověti, *ovьdověti
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 536
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “вдова”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “вдова”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 136
- Oleg Trubačóv (1959), “вдова”, in Istorija slavjanskix terminov rodstva (in Russian), Moscow, page 112
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