Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ēr

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

The word er 'man' according to Egorov (Eg. 30) is one of the oldest Turkic words and it is registered in almost all Turkic languages.

Noun

*ēr

man

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ӑр (ăr)
Old Turkic: [script needed] (er)
Middle Turkic: er
Karakhanid: [script needed] (er)
Arghu:
- Khalaj: [script needed] (här)
Kypchak:
- North Kypchak
  - Bashkir: ир (ir)
  - Tatar: эр (er),ир (ir)
- Kipchak-Nogai
  - Kazakh: ер (er)
  - Nogai: эр (ér)
  - Karakalpak: er
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: er
  - Karaim:
    - Cyrillic: эр
    - Latin: er
  - Karachay-Balkar: эр
  - Kumyk: эр
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak
  - Kyrgyz: эр (er)
  - Southern Altai: эр (er)
Oghuz:
- West Oghuz
  - Azerbaijani: ər
  - Turkish: er
- East Oghuz
  - Turkmen: är
- Salar
  - Salar: ır
Karluk:
- East Karluk
  - Chagatai: [script needed] (er)
  - Uyghur: ئەر‎ (er)
  - Ili Turki: er
- West Karluk
  - Uzbek: er
Siberian:
- South Siberian
  - Western Yugur: jer
  - Yenissei Turkic
    - Khakas: ир (ir)
    - Shor: эр
  - Sayan turkic
    - Soyot:эр (är)
    - Tofa: эр
    - Tuvan: эр (är)
- North Siberian
  - Dolgan: иэр
  - Yakut: иэр (ier)

References

Karachay-Balkar Vocabulary of Proto-Turkic Origin, Volume 7 Studia turcologica Cracoviensia, Jagiellonian University, 2000. ISSN 1425-1973.

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