Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/käle

This Proto-Uralic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Uralic

Reconstruction

Reconstructed as *keele in the UEW, mainly on the basis of Finnic. Sammallahti (1988) reconstruct *käxle; according to Aikio (2012), it is not necessary to posit a separate element *x, and vowel length in Finnic can be considered the result of secondary lengthening.

Noun

*käle

Synonyms

*ńälmä

Descendants

Samoyedic: *käə(j)
Ugric:
- Khanty:
  - Eastern: кӧл (köl)
  - Northern: [script needed] (keł)
Permic:
- Komi:
  - Komi-Permyak: кыв (kyv)
  - Komi-Zyrian: кыл (kyl)
- Udmurt: кыл (kyl)
Mordvinic:
- Erzya: кель (kelʹ)
- Moksha: кяль (kjalʹ)
Samic: *kielë (see there for further descendants)
Finnic: *keeli (see there for further descendants)

References

Luobbal Sámmol Sámmol Ánte (Ante Aikio). 2012. "On Finnic long vowels, Samoyed vowel sequences, and Proto-Uralic *x". In: Hyytiäinen, Tiina; Jalava, Lotta; Saarikivi, Janne; Sandman, Erika (eds.), Per Urales ad Orientem. Iter polyphonicum multilinguae. Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia 264, pp. 227–250.

Rédei, Károly (1986–88) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
Sammallahti, Pekka. 1988. "Historical phonology of the Uralic languages, with special reference to Samoyed, Ugric and Permic". In Sinor, Denis (ed.), The Uralic Languages: Description, History and Foreign Influences, pp. 478–554. Leiden: Brill. →ISBN.

External links

Entry #280 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

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