кяль
See also: калъ
Moksha
Etymology
From Proto-Uralic *käle. Cognates include Finnish kieli, Estonian keel and Northern Sami giella.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kʲælʲ/
Noun
кяль • (kjalʹ)
- language, speech
- O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN
- Тинь кунара тонафнесасть (тонафнесак) рузонь кяльть, мокшень кяльть?
- Tinʹ kunara tonafnesastʹ (tonafnesak) ruzonʹ kjalʹtʹ, mokšenʹ kjalʹtʹ?
- Are you [pl.] (you [sg.]) studying Russian, Moksha (lit. "studying of the Russian language, of the Moksha language") for a long time?
- Мокшень, эрзянь, финскяй, венгерскяй, эстонскяй, марийскяй, коми и лия кяльхне сувсихть уральскяй кялень группати.
- Mokšenʹ, erzjanʹ, finskjaj, vengerskjaj, estonskjaj, marijskjaj, komi i lija kjalʹxne suvsixtʹ uralʹskjaj kjalenʹ gruppati.
- Moksha, Erzya, Finnish, Hungarian, Estonian, Mari, Komi and other languages belong to the Uralic language group.
- Нинге кодама кяльхть сувсихть уральскяй кялень группати?
- Ninge kodama kjalʹxtʹ suvsixtʹ uralʹskjaj kjalenʹ gruppati?
- What other languages belong to the Uralic language group?
- Кялец юмась.
- Kjalec jumasʹ.
- Losing one's speech (becoming speechless.)
- O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN
- (anatomy) tongue
- O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN
- Кувака кяль
- Kuvaka kjalʹ
- Long tongue (figuratively "big mouth")
- Оржа кяль
- Orža kjalʹ
- Sharp tongue
- Кяльцень нильсак
- Kjalʹcenʹ nilʹsak
- You will swallow your tongue (figuratively "mouthwatering, tasty")
- O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN
Declension
Indefinite declension of кяль
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | кяль (kjalʹ) | кяльхть (kjalʹxtʹ) |
genitive | кялень (kjalenʹ) | — |
dative | кяленди (kjalendi) | — |
ablative | кяльда (kjalʹda) | — |
inessive | кяльса (kjalʹsa) | — |
elative | кяльста (kjalʹsta) | — |
illative | кяльс (kjalʹs) | — |
prolative | кяльге (kjalʹge) | — |
comparative | кяльшка (kjalʹška) | — |
translative | кялькс (kjalʹks) | — |
abessive | кяльфтома (kjalʹftoma) | — |
causative | кяленкса (kjalenksa) | — |
Definite declension of кяль
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | кяльсь (kjalʹsʹ) | кяльхне (kjalʹxne) |
genitive | кяльть (kjalʹtʹ) | кяльхнень (kjalʹxnenʹ) |
dative | кяльти (kjalʹti) | кяльхненди (kjalʹxnendi) |
Possessive declension of кяль
first person singular (монь (monʹ)) | ||
---|---|---|
one possession | multiple possessions | |
nominative | кялезе (kjaleze) | кяльне (kjalʹne) |
genitive | кялезень (kjalezenʹ) | кяльнень (kjalʹnenʹ) |
dative | кялезти (kjalezti) | кяльненди (kjalʹnendi) |
ablative | кяльдон (kjalʹdon) | |
inessive | кяльсон (kjalʹson) | |
elative | кяльстон (kjalʹston) | |
illative | кялезон (kjalezon) | |
prolative | кяльган (kjalʹgan) | |
comparative | кяльшкан (kjalʹškan) | |
abessive | кяльфтомон (kjalʹftomon) | |
second person singular (тонь (tonʹ)) | ||
one possession | multiple possessions | |
nominative | кяльце (kjalʹce) | кяльхне (kjalʹxne) |
genitive | кяльцень (kjalʹcenʹ) | кяльхнень (kjalʹxnenʹ) |
dative | кяльценди (kjalʹcendi) | кяльхненди (kjalʹxnendi) |
ablative | кяльдот (kjalʹdot) | |
inessive | кяльсот (kjalʹsot) | |
elative | кяльстот (kjalʹstot) | |
illative | кялезт (kjalezt) | |
prolative | кяльгат (kjalʹgat) | |
comparative | кяльшкат (kjalʹškat) | |
abessive | кяльфтомот (kjalʹftomot) | |
third person singular (сонь (sonʹ)) | ||
one possession | multiple possessions | |
nominative | кялец (kjalec) | кяленза (kjalenza) |
genitive | кяленц (kjalenc) | кялензон (kjalenzon) |
dative | кяленцты (kjalencty) | кялензонды (kjalenzondy) |
ablative | кяльдонза (kjalʹdonza) | |
inessive | кяльсонза (kjalʹsonza) | |
elative | кяльстонза (kjalʹstonza) | |
illative | кялезонза (kjalezonza) | |
prolative | кяльганза (kjalʹganza) | |
comparative | кяльшканза (kjalʹškanza) | |
abessive | кяльфтомонза (kjalʹftomonza) | |
first person plural (минь (minʹ)) | ||
one or multiple possessions | ||
nominative | кяленьке (kjalenʹke) | |
genitive | кяленьконь (kjalenʹkonʹ) | |
dative | кяленьконди (kjalenʹkondi) | |
ablative | кяльдонк (kjalʹdonk) | |
inessive | кяльсонк (kjalʹsonk) | |
elative | кяльстонк (kjalʹstonk) | |
illative | кялезонк (kjalezonk) | |
prolative | кяльганк (kjalʹgank) | |
comparative | кяльшканк (kjalʹškank) | |
abessive | кяльфтомонк (kjalʹftomonk) | |
second person plural (тинь (tinʹ)) | ||
one or multiple possessions | ||
nominative | кяленте (kjalente) | |
genitive | кялентень (kjalentenʹ) | |
dative | кялентенди (kjalentendi) | |
ablative | кяльдонт (kjalʹdont) | |
inessive | кяльсонт (kjalʹsont) | |
elative | кяльстонт (kjalʹstont) | |
illative | кялезонт (kjalezont) | |
prolative | кяльгант (kjalʹgant) | |
comparative | кяльшкант (kjalʹškant) | |
abessive | кяльфтомонт (kjalʹftomont) | |
third person plural (синь (sinʹ)) | ||
one or multiple possessions | ||
nominative | кяльсна (kjalʹsna) | |
genitive | кяльснон (kjalʹsnon) | |
dative | кяльснонды (kjalʹsnondy) | |
ablative | кяльдост (kjalʹdost) | |
inessive | кяльсост (kjalʹsost) | |
elative | кяльстост (kjalʹstost) | |
illative | кялезост (kjalezost) | |
prolative | кяльгаст (kjalʹgast) | |
comparative | кяльшкаст (kjalʹškast) | |
abessive | кяльфтомост (kjalʹftomost) |
Coordinate terms
- корхтамс (korxtams)
Derived terms
- кяльфтома (kjalʹftoma)
- мокшень кяль (mokšenʹ kjalʹ)
- рузонь кяль (ruzonʹ kjalʹ)
References
- keel in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
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