abudu

Swahili

Etymology

From Arabic عَبَدَ‎ (ʿabada).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɑɓuɗu/

Verb

-abudu (infinitive kuabudu)

to worship; fear; pray

Conjugation

Conjugation of -abudu

Non-finite forms

Form

Positive

Negative

Infinitive

kuabudu

kutoabudu

Simple finite forms

Positive form

Singular

Plural

Imperative

abudu

abuduni

Habitual

huabudu

Complex finite forms

Polarity

Persons

Persons / Classes

Classes

1st

2nd

3rd / M-wa

M-mi

Ma

Ki-vi

N

U

Ku

Pa

Mu

Sg.

Pl.

Sg.

Pl.

Sg. / 1

Pl. / 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11 / 14

15 / 17

16

18

Past
Positive	niliabudu naliabudu	tuliabudu twaliabudu	uliabudu waliabudu	mliabudu mwaliabudu	aliabudu	waliabudu	uliabudu	iliabudu	liliabudu	yaliabudu	kiliabudu	viliabudu	iliabudu	ziliabudu	uliabudu	kuliabudu	paliabudu	muliabudu
Relative	nilioabudu nalioabudu	tulioabudu twalioabudu	ulioabudu walioabudu	mlioabudu mwalioabudu	alioabudu	walioabudu	ulioabudu	ilioabudu	lilioabudu	yalioabudu	kilioabudu	vilioabudu	ilioabudu	zilioabudu	ulioabudu	kulioabudu	palioabudu	mulioabudu
Negative	sikuabudu	hatukuabudu	hukuabudu	hamkuabudu	hakuabudu	hawakuabudu	haukuabudu	haikuabudu	halikuabudu	hayakuabudu	hakikuabudu	havikuabudu	haikuabudu	hazikuabudu	haukuabudu	hakukuabudu	hapakuabudu	hamukuabudu

Present
Positive	ninaabudu naabudu	tunaabudu	unaabudu	mnaabudu	anaabudu	wanaabudu	unaabudu	inaabudu	linaabudu	yanaabudu	kinaabudu	vinaabudu	inaabudu	zinaabudu	unaabudu	kunaabudu	panaabudu	munaabudu
Relative	ninaoabudu naoabudu	tunaoabudu	unaoabudu	mnaoabudu	anaoabudu	wanaoabudu	unaoabudu	inaoabudu	linaoabudu	yanaoabudu	kinaoabudu	vinaoabudu	inaoabudu	zinaoabudu	unaoabudu	kunaoabudu	panaoabudu	munaoabudu
Negative	siabudu	hatuabudu	huabudu	hamabudu	haabudu	hawaabudu	hauabudu	haiabudu	haliabudu	hayaabudu	hakiabudu	haviabudu	haiabudu	haziabudu	hauabudu	hakuabudu	hapaabudu	hamuabudu

Future
Positive	nitaabudu	tutaabudu	utaabudu	mtaabudu	ataabudu	wataabudu	utaabudu	itaabudu	litaabudu	yataabudu	kitaabudu	vitaabudu	itaabudu	zitaabudu	utaabudu	kutaabudu	pataabudu	mutaabudu
Relative	nitakaoabudu	tutakaoabudu	utakaoabudu	mtakaoabudu	atakaoabudu	watakaoabudu	utakaoabudu	itakaoabudu	litakaoabudu	yatakaoabudu	kitakaoabudu	vitakaoabudu	itakaoabudu	zitakaoabudu	utakaoabudu	kutakaoabudu	patakaoabudu	mutakaoabudu
Negative	sitaabudu	hatutaabudu	hutaabudu	hamtaabudu	hataabudu	hawataabudu	hautaabudu	haitaabudu	halitaabudu	hayataabudu	hakitaabudu	havitaabudu	haitaabudu	hazitaabudu	hautaabudu	hakutaabudu	hapataabudu	hamutaabudu

Subjunctive
Positive	niabudu	tuabudu	uabudu	mabudu	aabudu	waabudu	uabudu	iabudu	liabudu	yaabudu	kiabudu	viabudu	iabudu	ziabudu	uabudu	kuabudu	paabudu	muabudu
Negative	nisiabudu	tusiabudu	usiabudu	msiabudu	asiabudu	wasiabudu	usiabudu	isiabudu	lisiabudu	yasiabudu	kisiabudu	visiabudu	isiabudu	zisiabudu	usiabudu	kusiabudu	pasiabudu	musiabudu

Present Conditional
Positive	ningeabudu	tungeabudu	ungeabudu	mngeabudu	angeabudu	wangeabudu	ungeabudu	ingeabudu	lingeabudu	yangeabudu	kingeabudu	vingeabudu	ingeabudu	zingeabudu	ungeabudu	kungeabudu	pangeabudu	mungeabudu
Negative	nisingeabudu singeabudu	tusingeabudu hatungeabudu	usingeabudu hungeabudu	msingeabudu hamngeabudu	asingeabudu hangeabudu	wasingeabudu hawangeabudu	usingeabudu haungeabudu	isingeabudu haingeabudu	lisingeabudu halingeabudu	yasingeabudu hayangeabudu	kisingeabudu hakingeabudu	visingeabudu havingeabudu	isingeabudu haingeabudu	zisingeabudu hazingeabudu	usingeabudu haungeabudu	kusingeabudu hakungeabudu	pasingeabudu hapangeabudu	musingeabudu hamungeabudu

Past Conditional
Positive	ningaliabudu	tungaliabudu	ungaliabudu	mngaliabudu	angaliabudu	wangaliabudu	ungaliabudu	ingaliabudu	lingaliabudu	yangaliabudu	kingaliabudu	vingaliabudu	ingaliabudu	zingaliabudu	ungaliabudu	kungaliabudu	pangaliabudu	mungaliabudu
Negative	nisingaliabudu singaliabudu	tusingaliabudu hatungaliabudu	usingaliabudu hungaliabudu	msingaliabudu hamngaliabudu	asingaliabudu hangaliabudu	wasingaliabudu hawangaliabudu	usingaliabudu haungaliabudu	isingaliabudu haingaliabudu	lisingaliabudu halingaliabudu	yasingaliabudu hayangaliabudu	kisingaliabudu hakingaliabudu	visingaliabudu havingaliabudu	isingaliabudu haingaliabudu	zisingaliabudu hazingaliabudu	usingaliabudu haungaliabudu	kusingaliabudu hakungaliabudu	pasingaliabudu hapangaliabudu	musingaliabudu hamungaliabudu

Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive	ningeliabudu	tungeliabudu	ungeliabudu	mngeliabudu	angeliabudu	wangeliabudu	ungeliabudu	ingeliabudu	lingeliabudu	yangeliabudu	kingeliabudu	vingeliabudu	ingeliabudu	zingeliabudu	ungeliabudu	kungeliabudu	pangeliabudu	mungeliabudu

General Relative
Positive	niabudu	tuabudu	uabudu	mabudu	aabudu	waabudu	uabudu	iabudu	liabudu	yaabudu	kiabudu	viabudu	iabudu	ziabudu	uabudu	kuabudu	paabudu	muabudu
Negative	nisioabudu	tusioabudu	usioabudu	msioabudu	asioabudu	wasioabudu	usioabudu	isioabudu	lisioabudu	yasioabudu	kisioabudu	visioabudu	isioabudu	zisioabudu	usioabudu	kusioabudu	pasioabudu	musioabudu

Gnomic
Positive	naabudu	twaabudu	waabudu	mwaabudu	aabudu	waabudu	waabudu	yaabudu	laabudu	yaabudu	chaabudu	vyaabudu	yaabudu	zaabudu	waabudu	kwaabudu	paabudu	mwaabudu

Perfect
Positive	nimeabudu	tumeabudu	umeabudu	mmeabudu	ameabudu	wameabudu	umeabudu	imeabudu	limeabudu	yameabudu	kimeabudu	vimeabudu	imeabudu	zimeabudu	umeabudu	kumeabudu	pameabudu	mumeabudu

"Already"
Positive	nimeshaabudu	tumeshaabudu	umeshaabudu	mmeshaabudu	ameshaabudu	wameshaabudu	umeshaabudu	imeshaabudu	limeshaabudu	yameshaabudu	kimeshaabudu	vimeshaabudu	imeshaabudu	zimeshaabudu	umeshaabudu	kumeshaabudu	pameshaabudu	mumeshaabudu

"Not yet"
Negative	sijaabudu	hatujaabudu	hujaabudu	hamjaabudu	hajaabudu	hawajaabudu	haujaabudu	haijaabudu	halijaabudu	hayajaabudu	hakijaabudu	havijaabudu	haijaabudu	hazijaabudu	haujaabudu	hakujaabudu	hapajaabudu	hamujaabudu

"If/When"
Positive	nikiabudu	tukiabudu	ukiabudu	mkiabudu	akiabudu	wakiabudu	ukiabudu	ikiabudu	likiabudu	yakiabudu	kikiabudu	vikiabudu	ikiabudu	zikiabudu	ukiabudu	kukiabudu	pakiabudu	mukiabudu

"If not"
Negative	nisipoabudu	tusipoabudu	usipoabudu	msipoabudu	asipoabudu	wasipoabudu	usipoabudu	isipoabudu	lisipoabudu	yasipoabudu	kisipoabudu	visipoabudu	isipoabudu	zisipoabudu	usipoabudu	kusipoabudu	pasipoabudu	musipoabudu

Consecutive
Positive	nikaabudu	tukaabudu	ukaabudu	mkaabudu	akaabudu	wakaabudu	ukaabudu	ikaabudu	likaabudu	yakaabudu	kikaabudu	vikaabudu	ikaabudu	zikaabudu	ukaabudu	kukaabudu	pakaabudu	mukaabudu

Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Verbal derivations:
- Applicative: -abudia (“pray for/to”)
- Causative: -abudisha (“cause to pray”)
- Passive: -abudiwa

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