bocht

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch bocht, from Old Dutch *buht, from Proto-Germanic *buhtiz. Related to buigen.

Pronunciation

Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ɔxt
IPA^(key): /bɔxt/

Noun

bocht f or m (plural bochten, diminutive bochtje n)

bend, curve, inflection
bight, broad curvature of a coastline, bay
junk, booze, moonshine
disgusting drink, trash, rubbish

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish bocht (“poor”).

Pronunciation

(Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /bˠɔxt̪ˠ/
(Ulster) IPA^(key): /bˠʌxt̪ˠ/

Adjective

bocht (genitive singular masculine boicht, genitive singular feminine boichte, plural bochta, comparative boichte)

poor (of circumstances, of quality, condition, expressing pity, sympathy, expressing dislike, contempt)
stingy

Declension

Declension of bocht

Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Nominative	bocht	bhocht	bochta; bhochta²
Vocative	bhoicht	bhocht	bochta
Genitive	bhoicht	bochte	bochta	bocht
Dative	bocht; bhocht¹	bhocht; bhoicht (archaic)	bochta; bhochta²
Comparative	níos bochte
Superlative	is bochte

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Synonyms

Noun

bocht m (genitive singular boicht, nominative plural boicht or bochta)

poor person

Declension

Declension of bocht

First declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	bocht	boicht
Vocative	a bhoicht	a bhochta
Genitive	boicht	bocht
Dative	bocht	boicht

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an bocht	na boicht
Genitive	an bhoicht	na mbocht
Dative	leis an mbocht don bhocht	leis na boicht

Alternative nominative plural: bochta

Synonyms

daibhir

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
bocht	bhocht	mbocht
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

"bocht" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

Old Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /boxt/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *boxtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogtós, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-.

Adjective

bocht

poor
(Christianity) of one who has taken a vow of poverty

Inflection

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	bocht	bocht	bocht
Vocative	boicht* bocht**	bocht
Accusative	bocht	boicht
Genitive	boicht	boichte	boicht
Dative	bocht	boicht	bocht
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	boicht	bochta
Vocative	bochtu bochta†
Accusative	bochtu bochta†
Genitive	bocht
Dative	bochtaib
Notes	modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative *modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Descendants

Irish: bocht
Manx: boght
Scottish Gaelic: bochd

Noun

bocht m or f

poor person, pauper
the poor (in a collective sense)

Inflection

As a masculine noun:

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	bocht	bocht^L	boicht^L
Vocative	boicht	bocht^L	bochtu^H
Accusative	bocht^N	bocht^L	bochtu^H
Genitive	boicht^L	bocht	bocht^N
Dative	bocht^L	bochtaib	bochtaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: ^H = triggers aspiration ^L = triggers lenition ^N = triggers nasalization

As a feminine noun:

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	bocht^L	boicht^L	bochta^H
Vocative	bocht^L	boicht^L	bochta^H
Accusative	boicht^N	boicht^L	bochta^H
Genitive	boichte^H	bocht^L	bocht^N
Dative	boicht^L	bochtaib	bochtaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: ^H = triggers aspiration ^L = triggers lenition ^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

Manx: boght

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

bocht

past participle of bongaid

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
bocht	bocht pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/	mbocht
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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