breac

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish brecc (“speckled, spotted; trout”). Cognate with Breton breac’h and Welsh brych.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /bʲɾʲak/

Adjective

breac (genitive singular masculine bric, genitive singular feminine brice, plural breaca, comparative brice)

  1. speckled, spotted

Declension
Declension of breac
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative breac bhreac breaca;
bhreaca²
Vocative bhric breaca
Genitive brice breaca breac
Dative breac;
bhreac¹		 bhreac;
bhric (archaic)		 breaca;
bhreaca²
Comparative níos brice
Superlative is brice

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

Verb

breac (present analytic breacann, future analytic breacfaidh, verbal noun breacadh, past participle breactha)

  1. to speckle

Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present breacaim breacann tú;
breacair†		 breacann sé, sí breacaimid breacann sibh breacann siad;
breacaid†		 a bhreacann; a bhreacas /
a mbreacann*; a mbreacas*		 breactar
past bhreac mé; bhreacas bhreac tú; bhreacais bhreac sé, sí bhreacamar; bhreac muid bhreac sibh; bhreacabhair bhreac siad; bhreacadar a bhreac /
ar bhreac*		 breacadh
past habitual bhreacainn bhreactá bhreacadh sé, sí bhreacaimis; bhreacadh muid bhreacadh sibh bhreacaidís; bhreacadh siad a bhreacadh /
ar bhreacadh*		 bhreactaí
future breacfaidh mé;
breacfad		 breacfaidh tú;
breacfair†		 breacfaidh sé, sí breacfaimid;
breacfaidh muid		 breacfaidh sibh breacfaidh siad;
breacfaid†		 a bhreacfaidh; a bhreacfas /
a mbreacfaidh*; a mbreacfas*		 breacfar
conditional bhreacfainn / mbreacfainn‡‡ bhreacfá / mbreacfᇇ bhreacfadh sé, sí / mbreacfadh sé, s퇇 bhreacfaimis; bhreacfadh muid / mbreacfaimis‡‡; mbreacfadh muid‡‡ bhreacfadh sibh / mbreacfadh sibh‡‡ bhreacfaidís; bhreacfadh siad / mbreacfaidís‡‡; mbreacfadh siad‡‡ a bhreacfadh /
ar bhreacfadh*		 bhreacfaí / mbreacfa퇇
subjunctive present go mbreaca mé;
go mbreacad†		 go mbreaca tú;
go mbreacair†		 go mbreaca sé, sí go mbreacaimid;
go mbreaca muid		 go mbreaca sibh go mbreaca siad;
go mbreacaid†		 — go mbreactar
past dá mbreacainn dá mbreactá dá mbreacadh sé, sí dá mbreacaimis;
dá mbreacadh muid		 dá mbreacadh sibh dá mbreacaidís;
dá mbreacadh siad		 — dá mbreactaí
imperative breacaim breac breacadh sé, sí breacaimis breacaigí;
breacaidh†		 breacaidís — breactar
verbal noun breacadh
past participle breactha

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Noun

breac m (genitive singular bric, nominative plural bric)

  1. trout

Declension
Declension of breac

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative breac bric
Vocative a bhric a bhreaca
Genitive bric breac
Dative breac bric

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an breac na bric
Genitive an bhric na mbreac
Dative leis an mbreac

don bhreac

 leis na bric

Derived terms
  • breac donn m (“brown trout”)

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
breac bhreac mbreac
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology 1

From Old Irish brecc (“speckled, spotted, variegated”).

Adjective

breac (comparative brice)

  1. speckled, spotted, piebald
  2. embossed
  3. chequered
Declension

First declension; forms of the positive degree:

Case Masculine singular Feminine singular Plural
Nominative breac bhreac breaca
Vocative bhric bhric breac
Genitive bhric bhric/brice breac
Dative bhreac bhric breaca
Derived terms

Verb

breac (past bhreac, future breacaidh, verbal noun breacadh, past participle breacte)

  1. speckle
  2. sprinkle, scatter
Conjugation
Tense \ Voice Active Passive
Present a' breacadh --
Past bhreac bhreacadh
Future breacaidh breacar
Conditional bhreacadh bhreactadh

Etymology 2

From Old Irish brecc (“trout”).

Noun

breac m (genitive singular bric, plural bric)

  1. trout, brown trout
  2. (dialectal) salmon

References
  • Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • “1 brecc” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • “2 brecc” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
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