caligo

See also: calìgo

English

Etymology

Latin caligo (“darkness”).

Noun

caligo (uncountable)

  1. (medicine, obsolete) dimness or obscurity of sight, caused by a speck on the cornea

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for caligo in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.)

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology

Formation from an earlier adjective is possible, similarly to several similar nouns in -īgō, examples at rōbīgō, with the verb deriving from the noun, as cālīgō (noun) +‎ -ō. A possible reading in Pacuvius suggests earlier verb semantics as `I make dark,' consistent with this construction. Various further IE derivations have been suggested, having possible relationships with Sanskrit काल (kāla, “black”), Ancient Greek κελαινός (kelainós, “dark, black”), Ancient Greek κηλίς (kēlís, “spot, stain”), and the rare adjective Latin cā̆lidus (“having a white spot on the forehead”).

Pronunciation

Noun

cālīgō f (genitive cālīginis); third declension

  1. fog, mist, vapor
  2. darkness, gloom
  3. (figuratively) inability to perceive mentally

Declension

Third declension.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative cālīgō cālīginēs
Genitive cālīginis cālīginum
Dative cālīginī cālīginibus
Accusative cālīginem cālīginēs
Ablative cālīgine cālīginibus
Vocative cālīgō cālīginēs

Synonyms

Descendants

Verb

cālīgō (present infinitive cālīgāre, perfect active cālīgāvī, supine cālīgātum); first conjugation

  1. I (emit) steam
  2. I am dark or gloomy
  3. I grope about; have poor eyesight

Conjugation
   Conjugation of caligo (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present cālīgō cālīgās cālīgat cālīgāmus cālīgātis cālīgant
imperfect cālīgābam cālīgābās cālīgābat cālīgābāmus cālīgābātis cālīgābant
future cālīgābō cālīgābis cālīgābit cālīgābimus cālīgābitis cālīgābunt
perfect cālīgāvī cālīgāvistī cālīgāvit cālīgāvimus cālīgāvistis cālīgāvērunt, cālīgāvēre
pluperfect cālīgāveram cālīgāverās cālīgāverat cālīgāverāmus cālīgāverātis cālīgāverant
future perfect cālīgāverō cālīgāveris cālīgāverit cālīgāverimus cālīgāveritis cālīgāverint
passive present cālīgor cālīgāris, cālīgāre cālīgātur cālīgāmur cālīgāminī cālīgantur
imperfect cālīgābar cālīgābāris, cālīgābāre cālīgābātur cālīgābāmur cālīgābāminī cālīgābantur
future cālīgābor cālīgāberis, cālīgābere cālīgābitur cālīgābimur cālīgābiminī cālīgābuntur
perfect cālīgātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect cālīgātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect cālīgātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present cālīgem cālīgēs cālīget cālīgēmus cālīgētis cālīgent
imperfect cālīgārem cālīgārēs cālīgāret cālīgārēmus cālīgārētis cālīgārent
perfect cālīgāverim cālīgāverīs cālīgāverit cālīgāverimus cālīgāveritis cālīgāverint
pluperfect cālīgāvissem cālīgāvissēs cālīgāvisset cālīgāvissēmus cālīgāvissētis cālīgāvissent
passive present cālīger cālīgēris, cālīgēre cālīgētur cālīgēmur cālīgēminī cālīgentur
imperfect cālīgārer cālīgārēris, cālīgārēre cālīgārētur cālīgārēmur cālīgārēminī cālīgārentur
perfect cālīgātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect cālīgātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — cālīgā — — cālīgāte —
future — cālīgātō cālīgātō — cālīgātōte cālīgantō
passive present — cālīgāre — — cālīgāminī —
future — cālīgātor cālīgātor — — cālīgantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives cālīgāre cālīgāvisse cālīgātūrus esse cālīgārī cālīgātus esse cālīgātum īrī
participles cālīgāns — cālīgātūrus — cālīgātus cālīgandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
nominative genitive dative/ablative accusative accusative ablative
cālīgāre cālīgandī cālīgandō cālīgandum cālīgātum cālīgātū

Derived terms

References
  • caligo in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • caligo in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • caligo in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
  • caligo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to obscure the mental vision: mentis quasi luminibus officere (vid. sect. XIII. 6) or animo caliginem offundere
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