choquer
French
Etymology
From Middle French chocquer (“to clash in battle, shock, offend, hurt”), from Old French choquer (“to strike against”) and Picard chuquier, çuker (“to collide in battle, knock”), both of Germanic origin, possibly from Frankish *skukkōn, *skukkijan (“to jolt”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkōną, *skukkijaną (“to jolt”), possibly an iterative form of *skakaną (“to shake, stir”).
Cognate with Old High German scoc (“jolt, shock, swing”), Middle High German schucken, schocken (“to hit, bump, deliver a blow to”), Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt”), and English shock.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃɔ.ke/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of choquer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | choquant /ʃɔ.kɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | choqué /ʃɔ.ke/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | choquer | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | choquant /ʃɔ.kɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | choque /ʃɔk/ |
choques /ʃɔk/ |
choque /ʃɔk/ |
choquons /ʃɔ.kɔ̃/ |
choquez /ʃɔ.ke/ |
choquent /ʃɔk/ |
| imperfect | choquais /ʃɔ.kɛ/ |
choquais /ʃɔ.kɛ/ |
choquait /ʃɔ.kɛ/ |
choquions /ʃɔ.kjɔ̃/ |
choquiez /ʃɔ.kje/ |
choquaient /ʃɔ.kɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | choquai /ʃɔ.ke/ |
choquas /ʃɔ.ka/ |
choqua /ʃɔ.ka/ |
choquâmes /ʃɔ.kam/ |
choquâtes /ʃɔ.kat/ |
choquèrent /ʃɔ.kɛʁ/ | |
| future | choquerai /ʃɔ.kʁe/ |
choqueras /ʃɔ.kʁa/ |
choquera /ʃɔ.kʁa/ |
choquerons /ʃɔ.kʁɔ̃/ |
choquerez /ʃɔ.kʁe/ |
choqueront /ʃɔ.kʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | choquerais /ʃɔ.kʁɛ/ |
choquerais /ʃɔ.kʁɛ/ |
choquerait /ʃɔ.kʁɛ/ |
choquerions /ʃɔ.kə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
choqueriez /ʃɔ.kə.ʁje/ |
choqueraient /ʃɔ.kʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | choque /ʃɔk/ |
choques /ʃɔk/ |
choque /ʃɔk/ |
choquions /ʃɔ.kjɔ̃/ |
choquiez /ʃɔ.kje/ |
choquent /ʃɔk/ |
| imperfect2 | choquasse /ʃɔ.kas/ |
choquasses /ʃɔ.kas/ |
choquât /ʃɔ.ka/ |
choquassions /ʃɔ.ka.sjɔ̃/ |
choquassiez /ʃɔ.ka.sje/ |
choquassent /ʃɔ.kas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | choque /ʃɔk/ |
— | choquons /ʃɔ.kɔ̃/ |
choquez /ʃɔ.ke/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
Further reading
- “choquer” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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