erus

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *ezos (“master”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁esh₂ós (“master”). Cognate with Hittite 𒅖𒄩𒀀𒀸 (“išhāš "master"”).

A connexion with heres (“heir”) and hirudo (“leech”) has also been proposed by Charlton Lewis and Charles Short, making its stem instead from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁ro- (“derelict”). Cognates would include Ancient Greek χήρα (khḗra, “widow”), Sanskrit हरति (harati, “to seize”) and हरण (haraṇa, “hand”).

Pronunciation

Noun

erus m (genitive erī); second declension

  1. master of the house or family

Declension

Second declension.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative erus erī
Genitive erī erōrum
Dative erō erīs
Accusative erum erōs
Ablative erō erīs
Vocative ere erī

Synonyms

Derived terms

References
  • erus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • erus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • erus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
  • erus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Jules Pokorny's Ingogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, p. 342
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